Describe the sources of carbon, oxygen, and electrons chemoautotrophs, and chemo

Question

Describe the sources of carbon, oxygen, and electrons chemoautotrophs, and chemoheterotrophs nutrients. Name 3 ene 4 classes of biological macromolocules? what are their corresponding building blocks? Drawldescnibe examples of shared and independent parallel metabolic pathways. on a metabolic map, what do the following represent? Dots, lines T How do you guess what the fux control points will be in a metabolic pathway? What are the flux control points for glycolysis? Draw the structures of ATP, ADP, and AMP. Distinguish phosphoanhydride bonds from phosphoester bonds. Label the phosphorous atoms with Greek letters. What is-AG" fo(ATP hydrolysis to yield ADP and P,? -30 5 kJe y What are the 3 stages of extracting energy from foodstuffs? What is the ultimate electron acceptor in oxidative metabolism? The cartons of fuel molecules are oxidized to what energy poor form of carbon? Identify more reduced (or more oxidized) forms of carbon among a similar series Which is more reduced, glucose or a saturated fatty acid? How do energy carriers store energy? What are some examples of energy carriers? What do they carry 4 (e.g. phosphoryl groups, electrons, acyl groups)? How much energy is released from uncontrolled combustion? Write the reaction equation. How is the oxidation of glucose in metabolism different that oxidation via uncontrolled combustion? Write the overall reaction equation for glycolysis Give an example of an endergonic reaction that is driven by ATP hydrolysis. Calculate the overal 2I 2A use tantOk + 2 H+ +1A7Ptul Z Gve an examplo of an exergonic reaction that drives ATP synthesis, Calculate the overall -AG" Why is ATP a better donor of phosphoryl groups than glycerol-3-phosphate? Your answer should inyolve a structural analysis and refer to relative stabilities of reactants and/or products. Predict relative phosphoryl group transfer potential for two molecules that you have not seen previously based on principles you have learned in organic chemistry and biochemistry. List factors that contribute to stability/instability of reactants/products.

Explanation / Answer

6. Photoautotrophs - carbon dioxide is the carbon source and they rely on light as their source of energy to carry out cellular processes.

Photoheterotrophs - organic compounds are the source of carbon and convert inorganic materials to organic materias for use in cellular function.

Chemoautotrophs - carbon dioxide is the carbon source, inorganic chemicals are the energy source.

Chemoheterotroph - inorganic chemicals are electron source and organic materials are the carbon source.

7. Three energy yielding nutrients are carbohydrates,fat,proteins. Three energy poor products are water,vitamin and minerals.

8. Four classes of macromolecules and their corresponding blocks are:

Carbohydrates - monosaccharides

Lipids - glycerol and fatty acids

Protein - amino acids

Nucleic acids - nucleotides

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