It is a fact that \"amount of ice cream purchased\" and \"number of drowning dea

Question

It is a fact that "amount of ice cream purchased" and "number of drowning deaths" each month are strongly correlated. That is, during months where more ice cream is purchased nationally, more drowning deaths tend to occur, and during months during which less ice cream is purchased, fewer drowning deaths tend to occur. Which of the following statements is true? Eating more ice cream causes an increase in risk of drowning There may be a lurking variable (such as temperature) that simultaneously impacts both variables in this study. Correlation doesn't imply causation. The correlation between "drowning deaths" and "amount of ice cream purchased" is negative. Both (b) and (c) are true, while (a) is false. Below is a scatterplot of number of home runs vs number of stolen bases for major league baseball teams in 2016. American League teams are represented by filled circles and National League teams by open circles. From the scatterplot, we would conclude: There is a strong positive association for American League teams, but a negative association for National League teams. There is a strong negative association for American League teams, but a positive association for National League teams. There is a weak association for both leagues. All American League teams hit more home runs than did National League teams, while all National League teams stole more bases than did American League teams.

Explanation / Answer

2. A lurking variable is a variable that is not included as an explanatory or responsevariable in the analysis but can affect the interpretation of relationships between variables. A lurking variable can falsely identify a strong relationship betweenvariables or it can hide the true relationship.

So answer is b.

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