Final Esainon 31) Fatty ackd oxidation is performed in the a) Cytoplasm b) Mitoc
ID: 303082 • Letter: F
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Final Esainon 31) Fatty ackd oxidation is performed in the a) Cytoplasm b) Mitochondria matr e) Nucleus 32) The energy of electrons contained in NADH and FADeH synthesired in the Ctric Acid Cycle are used by the electron transport chain to a) Reduce oxyeen to water b) Pump protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane c) Generate reactive oxygen species d) Aand C e) None of the above 33) Electrons captured from complexes I, I, and Ill are carried two at a time through the membrane bilayer and donated to the single electron carrier cytochrome C, by a process called the for transport to complex Iv. ? a) Reduction cycle b) Oxidation cycle c) Q cycle d) Thioredoxin cycle e) None of the above 34) Our cells have a love-hate relationship with oxygen. On ane hand, our cellular metabolism requires oxygen as the ultimate electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, On the other hand, partial reduction of those oxygen molecules can generate superoxide ions that can potentially damage proteins and nucleic acids called a) Reactive oxygen specles b) Polyphenols c) Hydronium ions d) Hydroxyl ions e) Super protons 35) In mitochondria, synthesis of ATP uses a proton motive force that is used to a) Drive protein conformation changes in the Fo complex of the ATP synthase to stabilize condensation of ADP and Pi b) Drive protein conformation changes in the F1 complex of the ATP synthase to stabilize condensation of ADP and Pi c) Transport ATP out of mitochondria d) Transport inorganic phosphate into mitochondria e) None of the above MCELLBI XI05 Form AExplanation / Answer
31. Fatty acid metabolism occurs in mitochondria matrix and peroxisomes. Thus, to be oxidized, fatty acids should first enter the organelle, which is mediated by fatty acid protein transporters associated with the membrane surface.
Answer: b)
32. Electrons are transported across various components of electron transport chain (ETC), resulting in series of oxidation-reduction reactions. NADH and FADH2 are electron donors, their oxidation creates high concentration energy from electrons. This energy is used to pump proton from matrix to inter membrane space. Flow of protons creates and electrochemical gradient, which is used to generate ATP.
Answer: b)
33. Transfer of electrons from two electron carriers to one electron carrier is called Q-cycle. Like coupling between ubiquinone and cytochrome c1 redox reaction.
Answer: c)
34. Inside cell or within the intracellular fluid, electrons are shuttled within different carrier molecules or electro transporters. If these electron carriers come in vicinity or contact to oxygen, electrons may be transferred to oxygen molecule, making reactive oxygen. Oxygen may be converted to dangerous substances like superoxide, hydrogen peroxides, which are toxic to the cells or organelles.
Answer: a)
35. ATP synthase complex, designated as F0F1- ATP synthase, is located within the mitochondrial cristae. They help in back flow of proton, creating free energy to generate ATP. ATP synthase is composed of two parts: a) Coupling factor 1 (F1)- which contains the catalytic subunit of ATP synthase. b) Coupling factor 0 (F0) – which act as a proton channel between mitochondrial matrix and intramembranous mitochondrial space. F1 undergoes conformational changes and binds to ADP and Pi.
Answer: b)
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