Filling in this chart would be very beneficial. Or at least as much as possible

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Filling in this chart would be very beneficial. Or at least as much as possible if not all. Thank you!! Filling in this chart would be very beneficial. Or at least as much as possible if not all. Thank you!! Fill in the Table: Targeting Sequence Name What does it target& to where? Where is signal located Nature of in the molecule? (e. Signal? C vs. N-terminus) Ex. Stretch of pereeives the signal? What is the Receptor for the sigmal; what molecule hydrophobic amino acids) Signal sequence Phosphate KDEL KKXX Nuclear Localization Sequence (NLS In Chapter 12 Peroxisomal argeting signal Preseguence membrane (IMA) rargeting seguence Stroma targeting domain Thylakoid transfer domain

Explanation / Answer

Signal sequence

Soluble ER proteins (Example : Bip) signal is required for retention in the ER.

Contain 2 lysine residues (Lys-lys-X-X)     X : any amino acid

Mitochondrial Matrix proteins, From cytosol to mitochondria.

Target sequence name what does it target and where? where is the signal located Nature of the signal What is the receptor for the signal & what molecules perceives the signal

Signal sequence

For Secreted proteins & targeted to ER (endoplasmic recticulum) At N terminus 15-35 aminoacids out of which 6 areof non-polar nature (Hydrophobic) Cytosolic SRP (signal recognition particle) binds to signal sequence containing protein ; complex of protein and SRP then binds to SRP receptor, present in the ER membrane Mannose-6- phosphate Lysosomal enzymes, From Trans Golgi to Lysosomes through clathrin coated vesicles. N linked ologosaccharide Mannose 8 N-acetyl Glycosamine glycan2, Phosphorylated at Carbon 6 of mannose Mannose-6 receptors found in trans golgi network KDEL

Soluble ER proteins (Example : Bip) signal is required for retention in the ER.

C-terminal (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) sorting signal Sorting signal (KDEL) bound by the receptor present on ER. KKXX Transmembrane protein, Required for retention in the ER (Ex- present in sec 61 tranlocon protein) C-terminal

Contain 2 lysine residues (Lys-lys-X-X)     X : any amino acid

Receptors found in ER. NLS Nuclear proteins, From cytoplasm to nucleus N-terminal Positively charged amino acids rich : lysine residues (basic amino acids) NLS strongly bind to importin. Complex of NLS containing protein and importin pass through nuclear pore complex. Ran-GTP causes the loosening of Importin-protein complex. Peroxisomal targeting signal Proteins required for peroxisome organelle synthesis, Targeted to peroxisome C-terminus PTS 1 signal (S-K-L), PTS-2 (9 amino acid ) at N-terminal serine-lysine-leucine signal in catalase. PTS 1 signal receptor encoded by pex-5 gene and PTS-2 signal receptor encoded by pex-7 gene. Presequence

Mitochondrial Matrix proteins, From cytosol to mitochondria.

N terminal cleavable Rich in positive charged proteins (Lysine and arginine) and hydroxyl group containing amino acids (serine & threonine) First binds to TOM complex present in outer mitochondial membrane (TOM 20) then passes to TIM complex (TIM 23) present in inner mitochondial membrane then finally to matrix Inner mitochondrial membrane Transmembrane proteins of inner mitochodrial proteins Signal is present in precursor proteins internally Contains stop signal present internally in the protein (non-cleavable) Protein bind TOM 70 present in outer mitochondrial protein and then to TIM 22 present in inner mitochondrial protein. Stroma targeting domain Stromal proteins N-terminal (cleavable) Polar (Positively charged) amino acids Import receptors complexes TOCs (present in outer chloroplast membrane) and Tics (present in inner chloroplast membrane) Thylakoid transfer domain Signal required for targeting protein into the thylakoid membrane or accross the membrane (lumen) Luminal targeting domain, contain N terminal and C-terminal of transit peptide (cleavable) signal sequences with luminal domain N terminal (Positively charged and C-terminal ( Hydrophobic amino acids) Import receptors complexes TOCs (present in outer chloroplast membrane) and Tics (present in inner chloroplast membrane)

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