Name: (25 points) 5) Males and females from a newly discovered organism display

Question

Name: (25 points) 5) Males and females from a newly discovered organism display the skin bristle patterns showr below. Describe the genetic basis for how the patches are different. (1 pt) 6) Chickens exhibit the ZZ/ZW sex determination system, where females are the heterogametic sex, and the DMRT1 gene encodes a testis-determining factor. Using your knowledge of the function of SRY in mammalian XX/XY sex determination, answer the following questions about sex determination in birds. (1 pt each, 3 pts total) 6.1 On which chromosome is DMRT1 located? 6.2 How many copies of DMRT1 are required for maleness? 6.3 Propose a method of dosage compensation for genes expressed by the chromosome you chose in question 6.1.

Explanation / Answer

Question 6.1

Answer. DMRT1 is located on Z chromosome.

Question 6.2

Answer. Two copies of DMRT1 are required for maleness.

Question 6.3

Answer. Chromatin modification ( acetylation ) and RNA interefference( accumulation of non-coding RNA) have been reported as dosage compensation mechanism in birds which acts specifically in Avian females.

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