Figure 8. RISK-FACTOR PREVALENCE IN U.S 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Year Data from

Question

Figure 8. RISK-FACTOR PREVALENCE IN U.S 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Year Data from Blues,"Scientific American, permission. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Graph by Rodger Doyle, 'Lifesyle ght O 2001. Rodger Doyle. Used with vol. 284, p. 30. Copyri Practicing Experimental Design 1. Beginning in 2006, scientists have been alarmed by the decline in bat populations in the northeastern U.S. Bat populations in some caves have declined by 50% or more. Bats (dead and living) are found with a white fungus on their faces, ears, and wings, and thus the name "white nose syndrome." Many bats have come out of hibernation early and dur- ing daylight; without insects to eat they are emaciated or starve to death. White nose syndrome is spreading into caves in Virginia and West Vir- ginia. The main question is whether the white fungus the primary cause of death. Scientists are investigating other exp tions. For example, other pathogens (viruses or bacteria) may be the pri- mary infective agents, and the white fungus may be secondary.Scientists also have found that the digestive systems of affected bats have fewer bacteria necessary for the digestion of insects. Therefore, less energy is available to them during hibernation. This could result in starvation and increased susceptibility to the fungus (Zimmerman, 2009). Using the criteria in Lab Study B, Developing Hypotheses, select the hypothesis Geomyces sp, is you would pursue as a scientist and justify your choice. 2 "Grains of naradise" nlants grow in the swampy region inhabited by the

Explanation / Answer

Ans = • White nose syndrome, caused by the fungus , makes bats die by increasing the amount of energy uptake which is use during winter hibernation. Bats must carefully ration their energy supply during this time to survive without eating until spring. If they use up their limited energy reserves too quickly, they can die.

Clinical signs are not the start of the disease—they likely reflect more advanced disease stages. compare infected bat with normal and find proportion of lean tissue to fatty tissue, if this proportion is high for infected bat it mean The amount of energy they used was higher than what is expected for normal healthy hibernating bats.

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Now question come in mind if this was a native fungus -- did this fungus already exist in america or was it brought in from elsewhere?

Might it came from somewhere else because there was no record of this type of disease spread on such a great scale in that area.

These was some hypothesis which we develop on the basis of given criteria.

We choose first hypothesis as a choice it give more accurate explanation. (Justification given in first point)

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