A solution is a homogenous mixture of solute and solvent. There are different ty

Question

A solution is a homogenous mixture of solute and solvent. There are different types of solutions. A carbonated drink is an example of a solution where the solute is a gas and the solvent is a liquid. Sugar crystals dissolved in water is an example of a solution where the solute is a solid and the solvent is liquid. Acetic acid is miscible in water, forming a solution commonly known as vinegar. In this case, both the solute and the solvent are liquids. The solubility of solute in a solvent depends on various parameters, such as temperature, pressure, the nature of the solute, and the nature of the solvent. Considering these parameters, identify the statements that are correct for the solubility of a solute in a solvent.

A.) Gases are readily soluble in water at higher temperatures.

B.) Carbon dioxide gas will be less soluble in water when the partial pressure is low.

C.) Zinc sulfate is soluble in water.

D.) Propanol and heptane are miscible.

E.) Table salt dissolves in water to form a solution.

Explanation / Answer

A) Gasses are not readily soluble in water at higher temperature. The higher kinetic energy causes more motion in the gas molecules which break intermolecular bonds and escape from solution. Check out the graph below: As the temperature increases, the solubility of a gas decreases as shown by the downward trend in the graph.

B) This is true. The solubility of a gas in water increases with partial pressure and drops down with drop in partial pressure.

C) Zinc sulfate is soluble in water. Zinc sulfate dissociates in water as ZnSO4 = Zn2++SO42-

D) Propanol and heptane are not miscible. Propanol is hydrophilic due to presence of -OH group but heptane is hydrophobic. So, these compounds will not mix.

E) Table Salt is soluble in water. Table Salt (NaCl) dissociates in water as NaCl = Na++Cl-

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