The formal charge is the charge an element would have in a molecule or ion if al

Question

The formal charge is the charge an element would have in a molecule or ion if all of the bonding electrons were shared equally between atoms. Based on the Lewis structure given, the formal charge on the central Iodine atom is . Arrange the following elements in order of increasing electronegativity: Strontium, indium, rubidium, tin Please answer this question according to the general rules you have learned regarding periodic trends. DO NOT base your answer on tabulated values since exceptions may occur. smallest largest Bond Length The length of a covalent bond depends upon the size of the atoms and the bond order. For each pair of covalently bonded atoms, choose the one expected to have the shortest bond length.

Explanation / Answer

1. The atom of interest has 2 free electrons according to the diagram. Each column of the periodic table refers to amount of free, "valence", electrons from left to right. So we know it is in the 2nd column. Given that it is in the 5th row, or period, we know this atom is Strontium.

Electron Configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 5s2

2. If we count the number of electrons around each atom of F and I, we find that it is 7. The charge of the molecule, or formal charge, would be 0.

3. Electronegetivity increases going up and going right. In order of least to greatest,

Rb, Sr, In, Sn

4. Think of bonds as attraction of an atom on another. If there is one bond it is attracted but with two bonds it pulls the atoms even closer. Double bonds are shorter bond length and more electronegetive atoms have closer bonds.

C=C

C=O

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