The type of mutation that will always stop translation of a protein is a(n) A) m
ID: 79491 • Letter: T
Question
The type of mutation that will always stop translation of a protein is a(n) A) missense mutation. B) nonsense mutation. C) frame-shift mutation. D) aberration. E) B and C Which of the following statements about regulation of gene expression is incorrect? A) Regulation of gene expression only occurs in prokaryotes. B) Transcription plays a role in regulation of gene expression. C) Translation plays a role in regulation of gene expression. D) Chromatin structure plays a role in regulation of gene expression. E) Post-translational modifications of proteins can play a role in regulation of gene expression. Signaling proteins that travel to distant cells through the circulatory system are known as A) paracrine signals. B) parasitic signals. C) autocrine signals. D) hormones. E) responders. Which of the following most accurately describes the order of the components encountered in the path travelled by a new protein as it is synthesized and released from the cell? A) plasma membrane; ER; transport vesicle: Golgi; cytosol; external environment B) cytosol: Golgi; ER; transport vesicle; plasma membrane: external environment C) SER: RER: Golgi: plasma membrane: external environment D) cytosol; ER: Golgi: plasma membrane; external environment E) RER: cytosol: Golgi: plasma membrane; external environment What makes a biological membrane more fluid? A) increasing the number of double bonds in the fatty acids B) increasing the saturation of the fatty acids C) increasing the length of the fatty acids D) decreasing the temperature E) all of the above In humans, abnormalities in chromosome number often result in spontaneous abortion of the affected embryo. What process typically causes abnormalities in chromosome number? A) inversions B) translocations C) nondisjunction D) trisomy E) polyploidyExplanation / Answer
Answers:
16. B. Nonsense mutation
17. A. Regulation of gene expression only occurs in prokaryotes.
(Explanation: Regulation of gene expression also occurs in eukaryotes)
18. D. Hormones
(Explanation: Paracrine signals are local mediators. Autocrine signals act on the same cells. Parasitic signals and responders are not coming under cell communication.)
19. E. RER, Cytosol, Golgi, plasma membrane, external environment
20. D. Decreasing the temperature
Explanation: All other options will decrease the fluidity)
21. C. Nondisjunction
(Explanation. The failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division is called nondisjunction. This process leads to the numerical aberration (i.e. change in chromosome number).
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