I have an immunobology question that is bugging me. Below is some background inf

Question

I have an immunobology question that is bugging me.

Below is some background infrormation that was provided to me for help answering my question.

Recall that in the early eighties, even though the phenomenon of "MHC restriction" had been defined, neither the T cell receptor, MHC molecules nor their genes had been isolated/purified/sequenced (much less the crystallographic structures). In the past, it was a common practice for to have students "Design an experiment to distinguish between the one-receptor versus two-receptor models of T cell recognition."

With this focus in mind, my homework questions wants me to accomplish the following goals:

1. Remark on why the phenomenon of MHC restriction led to these two competing models.

2. The features of each method.

3. What do each method predict about the T cell receptor for antigen as well as the nature of antigen on presenting cells.

4. Pretend you are a grad student in the 1980s attempting to provide an answer for the the above bolded text. Remember - you can't use anything that was not known back then. What sort of experiment might you put forth?

Currently, I am not sure if I understand the distinction between the two different models. As a result, I am also having a hard time coming up with an experiment using only the known information available in the 1980s. Maybe, I am simply overthinking it. Any help would be awesome!

Explanation / Answer

As far as the MHC restriction finding by Zingernagel and Doherty, The altered-self recognition was the only thing known. The Immunized MHC A type mouse with antigen X contains activated T cells specific for targets of X+A and not for X+B. Which infers conversion of specificity activated T cells responds best to antigenic complexes with which they are primed. Cos X+A should have some determinant in common with X+B . This means the T cells don’t bind free MHC or free antigen. To be bound to T cell MHC and antigen should not only be bound to each other but also to the same   cell membrane. This is where the dual receptor hypothesis comes to existence. This dual receptor model explains the MHC restriction by supposing that T cells cannot function unless both their receptors are engaged one receptor for antigen and other for self MHC. This was done by experimental understanding of the response against foreign MHCs. An individual of MHC type A, immunized with antigen presenting cells carrying MHC B and Antigen X makes a strong response against B, where it is impossible to determine whether the response against antigen X also occurs . This was overcome by removal of T cells reactive against B and reveals that a population of T cells that reactive to B can also recognize X+B, meaning an animal which is itself MHC type A carries T cells for recognizing X+B.And this is how the dual recepor hypothesis was confirmed in 80s and can done in the same way now also.

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