Pre-Experiment Questions 1. Draw the best Lewis structure for each of the follow

Question

Pre-Experiment Questions 1. Draw the best Lewis structure for each of the following molecules and ions. (For molecules that can have more than one Lewis structure, d only one.) Show all lone pairs. raw a. H20 (water) d. Noi (nitrate) b. CH4 (methane) e. CO2 (carbon dioxide) c. NH3 (ammonia) CCH (acetylene) 2. Determine how many atoms the central atom is bonded to in each of these molecules. (For HCCH, either carbon atom can be considered the central atom.) Determine how many pairs of non-bonded electrons are around each central atom. Write this number next to each Lewis structure you drew. 3. Predict whether each of the molecules in the previous question is linear, planar, or three- dimensional (3D), and write your prediction next to each Lewis structure you drew.

Explanation / Answer

2 a) 2 .In H2O the central atom O is bonded to 2 hydrogens. O has 2 nonbonding lone pairs

b) 4 In methane the C is bonded to four hydrogens. C has 0 nonbonding lone pairs

c) 3 In ammonia, the N is bonded to three hydrogens. N has 1 nonbonding lone pair

d) 3 In the nitrate, N is bonded to three Oxygens. N has 0 nonbonding lone pairs

e)2 In carbon dioxide, the C is bonded to two oxygens.C has 0 nonbonding lone pairs

f)2 In acetylene the C is bonded to another C and a H. C has 0 nonbonding lone pairs

3.H20:The molecule has three electron pairs and is trigonal planar for electron pair geometry. The one lone electron exerts a less repulsion than normal on the two bonding oxygen atoms so they are able to spread out more to a 134obond angle from the ideal of 120o . The oxygens have an octet each

CH4: three dimensional structure having a tetragonal geometry.

NH3:NH3 has a 3D triagonal pryamidal structure

NO32- : Triagonal planar

CO2:linear

C2H2: linear

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