During qualitative analysis, what factor is used for the preliminary separation

Question

During qualitative analysis, what factor is used for the preliminary separation of metallic cations into groups by addition of four different group reagents? An aqueous solution of a salt (one cation and one anion) is thought to contain the Group III metal cation Mn^+2. To test this hypothesis, a student added H_2 S in NH_3/NH_4 CI buffer to 1 mL of the salt solution and obtained a precipitate. the student then concluded that the aqueous solution contained a Group III metal cation. What is wrong with this student s reasoning? To what groups could the cation belong? What is the proper procedure for testing for the presence of a Group III metal cation?

Explanation / Answer

The metallic ions within each group are separated from each other by suitable chemical reactions and then appropriate reagents are added which give distinctive confirmatory tests for the presence or absence of an ions. Separation and identification procedures within a group are based upon relative Ksp values, acid-base properties, complex ion formation, and oxidation-reduction.

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