1. Why do businesses invest in IT? List the six important business objectives. 2
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Question
1. Why do businesses invest in IT? List the six important business objectives.
2. What is an Information System? Define the term and underline the key terms related the major function.
3. What are the four activities in an Information System that produce the information organizations use to control operations?
4. What is an Information Technology? How is IT different from IS?
5. Briefly explain the difference between data and information with the example.
6. What are the four step processes of business problem solving model?
Explanation / Answer
1. Why do businesses invest in I.T.? List the six important business objectives.
Answer: Every organization has its own reasons to invest in I.T. The size of investment also differs based on the nature of work and industry. However, below mentioned are some of the common objectives of organizations across industries for investing in I.T.
Increase Productivity and Efficiency: For any organization, improving the productivity and efficiency at work, reducing errors, getting things done quickly and easily is utmost important. I.T. systems help organizations reduce waste and produce goods or services with ease and quickly thus saving on resources too.
Quality: Using I.T. for operations in the organizations helps reduce errors and improve quality of goods and services. This benefits the end users and the organization both.
Data and Intelligence: Today I.T. systems can capture and churn out data and reports which can provide the management with useful information, on time. This helps organizations understand its strengths and weaknesses and grab on to the opportunities as they arise.
Knowledge transfer and Communication: I.T. systems have helped organizations manage things in an easier way. The best use of I.T. has been for communication. Today people sitting at different locations across the globe can communicate real time and share information. This saves a lot of time and effort and ensures the right message is delivered to the correct recipient.
Building relationships: I.T. systems have helped organizations connect with the customers both internal and external with ease. These systems are being used to collect information, feedback, customer sentiments and address their concerns in almost real time. Some organizations even use I.T. to empower their customers and involve them in the process of delivering goods or services.
Management: Transparency in processes and information sharing is essential for businesses as they involve shareholders and government bodies too. I.T. systems have helped make this process convenient. Today the information is available to all. Those information that need to be secured is now protected with the help of more advanced I.T. systems.
2. What is an Information System? Define the term and underline the key terms related the major function.
Answer: Information system is defined as an organized system for collection, organization, storage and communication of information.
3. What are the four activities in an Information System that produce the information organizations use to control operations?
Answer: The four activities in an information system that produce the information organizations use to control operations are:
Input: This involves collection of raw data from various sources
Processing: Involves processing, sorting and analyzing data to convert it into meaningful information
Output: This activity relates to sharing and delivering of the processed information to those who need it through various channels.
Feedback: this refers to receiving feedback and criticism by the users of the information in order to improve and enhance the system for future use.
4.What is an Information Technology? How is I.T. different from I.S.?
Answer: Information Technology is a collection of systems which includes hardware, software, databases, networks and other electronic devices that are required to deliver a particular service/operations. I.T. helps in facilitating organizations and individuals with their activities and processes. Information Technology is the technological aspect of the information system. It is one of the requirement to establish an information system along with users and individuals/teams to manage the information system.
5.Briefly explain the difference between data and information with the example.
Answer: Data can be termed as fact or raw material which has no meaning until processed. It can be numbers, text, video or sound which has no context.
Information on the other hand is the processed form of data which gives meaning to it. It is organized and structured to convey some message for some use/purpose.
Example:
Data – 12112 is just a number and does not have any context or meaning
Information – Pin code: 12112, when this same number is processed and given a context it becomes useful for locating address.
6.What are the four step processes of business problem solving model?
Answer: The four steps of problem solving model are:
Define the problem: This is the first stage in problem solving where the scope and nature of the problem is defined. Various tools can be used to define the problem such as root cause analyses, process maps, fish-bone diagram etc.
Generate solutions: Having defined the problem, the team then gets into brainstorming to come up with list of possible solutions to overcome the problem.
Select the solution for implementation: Since the team has a list of solutions that can be implemented, it is important to select the best one considering the efforts needed, resources required, time required and the impact of the solution. With these criteria, a final solution is shortlisted for implementation
Implementation and Post implementation: This is the final stage that requires implementation of the agreed developed solution. Sometimes testing at a pilot scale is required before a full implementation. Post implementation, data is collected and analyzed to understand the impact and outcomes from the solution.
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