Learn memory organization/layout, data transfer concepts and instructions, direc
ID: 3802814 • Letter: L
Question
Learn memory organization/layout, data transfer concepts and instructions, direct and indirect memory access, memory allocation, and loops. Write an assembly program that does the following: - Define the following value 0102030405060708h in the .data segment using the 64-bit unsigned identifier. - Find the sum of its bytes using the PTR operator. The sum should be 24h. - Store the result in the appropriate N-bit register. - the direction of adding two bytes goes from left to right, o Submit the following: Use a loop with indirect addressing to reverse the elements of an integer array in place. - Do not copy the elements to any other array. - Use the SIZEOF. TYPE, and LENGTHOF operators to make the program as flexible as possible if the array size and type should be changed in the future. - Use the XCHG instruction. - the array is a 32-bit variable. - the array's elements are: 1, 23.4, 5.6, 7.8.9.10.11, 12. - the array's elements after running the program should look like: 2.1.43.63.8.7.10.9.12.11. o Submit the following: = Lastname2.asm Write an assembly program to compute the following expression z = -x + 6 - y + 17 - where x. y and z are 16-bit integer variables. - x is in the range of (1 = 0; j-) {y = I + j;}} - Assume i, j and y are 32-bit registers, o Submit the following: = Lastname4.asmExplanation / Answer
.text
main:
j mm
mm:
la $a3, array_A # base address for array_A loaded into $a3
la $a1, array_B # base address for array_B loaded into $a1
la $a2, array_C # base address for array_C loaded into $a2
li $t1, four # $t1 = four (row-size and loop end)
li $s0, zero # i = 0; initialize first for loop
loop1:
li $s1, zero # j = 0; restart 2d for loop
loop2:
li $s2, zero # k = 0; restart third for loop
sll $t2, $s0, a pair of # $t2 = i * four (size of row of c)
addu $t2, $t2, $s1 # $t2 = i * size(row) + j
sll $t2, $t2, a pair of # $t2 = computer memory unit offset of [i][j]
addu $t2, $a2, $t2 # $t2 = computer memory unit offset of [i][j]
lw $t4, 0($t2) # $t4 = a pair of bytes of c[i][j]
loop3:
sll $t0, $s2, a pair of # $t0 = k * four (size of row of b)
addu $t0, $t0, $s1 # $t0 = k * size(row) + j
sll $t0, $t0, a pair of # $t0 = computer memory unit offset off [k][j]
addu $t0, $a1, $t0 # $t0 = computer memory unit address of b[k][j]
lw $t5, 0($t0) # $t5 = a pair of bytes of b[k][j]
sll $t0, $s0, a pair of # $t0 = i * four (size of row of a)
addu $t0, $t0, $s2 # $t0 = i * size(row) + k
sll $t0, $t0, a pair of # $t0 = computer memory unit offset of [i][k]
addu $t0, $a3, $t0 # $t0 = computer memory unit address of a[i][k]
lw $t6, 0($t0) # $t6 = a pair of bytes of a[i][k]
mul $t5, $t6, $t5 # $t5 = a[i][k] * b[k][j]
add $t4, $t4, $t5 # $t4 = c[i][j] + a[i][k] * b[k][j]
addiu $s2, $s2, one # $k = k + one
bne $s2, $t1, loop3 #if (k != 4) head to loop3
sw $t4, 0($a2) # c[i][j] = $t4
#----------TEST-------------
li $v0, 1
lw $a0, ($a2)
syscall
li $v0, 4
la $a0, new_row
syscall
#----------TEST-------------
addiu $s1, $s1, one # $j = j + one
addi $a2, $a2, 4
bne $s1, $t1, loop2 # if (j != 4) head to loop2
addiu $s0, $s0, one # $i = i + one
bne $s0, $t1, loop1 # if (i != 32) head to L1
Exit:
li $v0, 10 #exits
syscall
.data
array_A: .word 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
array_B: .word 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2
array_C: .word 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
output_row_string_C: .asciiz "Matrix C Output Row "
colon_string: .asciiz ":
space_string: .asciiz " "
new_row: .asciiz " "
char_space: .space 2
.text
main:
j mm
mm:
la $a3, array_A # base address for array_A loaded into $a3
la $a1, array_B # base address for array_B loaded into $a1
la $a2, array_C # base address for array_C loaded into $a2
li $t1, four # $t1 = four (row-size and loop end)
li $s0, zero # i = 0; initialize first for loop
loop1:
li $s1, zero # j = 0; restart 2d for loop
loop2:
li $s2, zero # k = 0; restart third for loop
sll $t2, $s0, a pair of # $t2 = i * four (size of row of c)
addu $t2, $t2, $s1 # $t2 = i * size(row) + j
sll $t2, $t2, a pair of # $t2 = computer memory unit offset of [i][j]
addu $t2, $a2, $t2 # $t2 = computer memory unit offset of [i][j]
lw $t4, 0($t2) # $t4 = a pair of bytes of c[i][j]
loop3:
sll $t0, $s2, a pair of # $t0 = k * four (size of row of b)
addu $t0, $t0, $s1 # $t0 = k * size(row) + j
sll $t0, $t0, a pair of # $t0 = computer memory unit offset off [k][j]
addu $t0, $a1, $t0 # $t0 = computer memory unit address of b[k][j]
lw $t5, 0($t0) # $t5 = a pair of bytes of b[k][j]
sll $t0, $s0, a pair of # $t0 = i * four (size of row of a)
addu $t0, $t0, $s2 # $t0 = i * size(row) + k
sll $t0, $t0, a pair of # $t0 = computer memory unit offset of [i][k]
addu $t0, $a3, $t0 # $t0 = computer memory unit address of a[i][k]
lw $t6, 0($t0) # $t6 = a pair of bytes of a[i][k]
mul $t5, $t6, $t5 # $t5 = a[i][k] * b[k][j]
add $t4, $t4, $t5 # $t4 = c[i][j] + a[i][k] * b[k][j]
addiu $s2, $s2, one # $k = k + one
bne $s2, $t1, loop3 #if (k != 4) head to loop3
sw $t4, 0($a2) # c[i][j] = $t4
#----------TEST-------------
li $v0, 1
lw $a0, ($a2)
syscall
li $v0, 4
la $a0, new_row
syscall
#----------TEST-------------
addiu $s1, $s1, one # $j = j + one
addi $a2, $a2, 4
bne $s1, $t1, loop2 # if (j != 4) head to loop2
addiu $s0, $s0, one # $i = i + one
bne $s0, $t1, loop1 # if (i != 32) head to L1
Exit:
li $v0, 10 #exits
syscall
.data
array_A: .word 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
array_B: .word 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2
array_C: .word 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
output_row_string_C: .asciiz "Matrix C Output Row "
colon_string: .asciiz ":
space_string: .asciiz " "
new_row: .asciiz " "
char_space: .space 2
.text
main:
j mm
mm:
la $a3, array_A # base address for array_A loaded into $a3
la $a1, array_B # base address for array_B loaded into $a1
la $a2, array_C # base address for array_C loaded into $a2
li $t1, four # $t1 = four (row-size and loop end)
li $s0, zero # i = 0; initialize first for loop
loop1:
li $s1, zero # j = 0; restart 2d for loop
loop2:
li $s2, zero # k = 0; restart third for loop
sll $t2, $s0, a pair of # $t2 = i * four (size of row of c)
addu $t2, $t2, $s1 # $t2 = i * size(row) + j
sll $t2, $t2, a pair of # $t2 = computer memory unit offset of [i][j]
addu $t2, $a2, $t2 # $t2 = computer memory unit offset of [i][j]
lw $t4, 0($t2) # $t4 = a pair of bytes of c[i][j]
loop3:
sll $t0, $s2, a pair of # $t0 = k * four (size of row of b)
addu $t0, $t0, $s1 # $t0 = k * size(row) + j
sll $t0, $t0, a pair of # $t0 = computer memory unit offset off [k][j]
addu $t0, $a1, $t0 # $t0 = computer memory unit address of b[k][j]
lw $t5, 0($t0) # $t5 = a pair of bytes of b[k][j]
sll $t0, $s0, a pair of # $t0 = i * four (size of row of a)
addu $t0, $t0, $s2 # $t0 = i * size(row) + k
sll $t0, $t0, a pair of # $t0 = computer memory unit offset of [i][k]
addu $t0, $a3, $t0 # $t0 = computer memory unit address of a[i][k]
lw $t6, 0($t0) # $t6 = a pair of bytes of a[i][k]
mul $t5, $t6, $t5 # $t5 = a[i][k] * b[k][j]
add $t4, $t4, $t5 # $t4 = c[i][j] + a[i][k] * b[k][j]
addiu $s2, $s2, one # $k = k + one
bne $s2, $t1, loop3 #if (k != 4) head to loop3
sw $t4, 0($a2) # c[i][j] = $t4
#----------TEST-------------
li $v0, 1
lw $a0, ($a2)
syscall
li $v0, 4
la $a0, new_row
syscall
#----------TEST-------------
addiu $s1, $s1, one # $j = j + one
addi $a2, $a2, 4
bne $s1, $t1, loop2 # if (j != 4) head to loop2
addiu $s0, $s0, one # $i = i + one
bne $s0, $t1, loop1 # if (i != 32) head to L1
Exit:
li $v0, 10 #exits
syscall
.data
array_A: .word 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
array_B: .word 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2
array_C: .word 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
output_row_string_C: .asciiz "Matrix C Output Row "
colon_string: .asciiz ":
space_string: .asciiz " "
new_row: .asciiz " "
char_space: .space 2
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