Provide an argument explaining why delays should be kept short for everyday task

Question

Provide an argument explaining why delays should be kept short for everyday tasks of a user, using short-term and working memory as the basis for your argument? explain in detail.

Source: Designing the user interface, by Ben Shneiderman & Catherine Plaisant

Explanation / Answer

Dear, First we identify which type of model this is: Response time Model User activities: 1) Initiates the Connection 2) Wait for a response 3) Watch results 4) Sense for a while 5) Initiates again Events: 1) Response time 2) Sense of time In shorter delays, we might generate faster rate in which solution plans are prepared hastily and incompletely, where as Lead to wasted effort and more errors, because the solution plan must be reviewed repeatedly. When use shortest delay user may pick up the rate of interface and fail to fully comprehend the presented materials where as longer delays Causes uneasiness because the penalty Cost increases for errors. The high cost of providing rapid response times and the loss from increased errors must be evaluated in the choice of an optimum rate. Understanding of human problem-solving abilities: Magic number seven - plus or minus two is used to represent data The average person can rapidly recognize seven chunks of information at a time This information can be held for 15 to 30 seconds in short-term memory Size of the chunks depends on the person’s familiarity with the material Short-term memory and working memory are different. These are used in conjunction for processing information and problem solving Short-term memory processes perceptual input and working memory generates and implements solutions. Lengthy response times (>15 seconds) are harmful to productivity, it increasing error rates and decreasing satisfaction. Rapid response times (1 second or less) are preferable, but can increase errors for complex tasks if the user does not spent sufficient time to think/sense. People learn to cope with complex problems by developing higher-level concepts using several lower-level concepts brought together into a single chunk Short term and working memory are highly volatile Disruptions cause loss of memory Delays require that memory be refreshed Visual distractions, noisy environments, and anxiety interfere with cognitive processing When using interactive computer system users may formulate plans and have to wait for execution time of each step If many facts and decisions are necessary to solve a problem, then short-term and working memory may become overloaded. People learn to cope with complex problems by developing higher-level concepts that bring together several lower-level concepts into a single chunk. Novices at any task tend to work with smaller chunks until they can cluster concepts into larger chunks. Experts rapidly decompose a complex task into a sequence of smaller tasks that they are confident about accomplishing.

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