CASE STUDY: A female patient at age of 76 is in the clinics with the following s

Question

CASE STUDY:

A female patient at age of 76 is in the clinics with the following symptoms:

Rectal bleeding in bright red color (polyps surgically removed 5 years ago, with family history of polyps, and ulcerative colitis for more than 15 years), increased constipation, abdominal pain, and fullness She lost 35 pounds in the past 1 month, tired, and activity level decreased.

Under physical examination: a mass is palpated in the left lower quadrant, tenderness in the right upper quadrant, fecal samples test positive for blood, blood count (CBC) reveals anemia, elevated level of alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin. A barium enema with air contrast is performed and confirm presence of rectal tumor with colon’s lumen decreasing in size. A liver scan reveals of metastasis and liver obstruction, chest X-ray is normal. Colonoscopy reveals multiple polyps in the rectal area of the colon and ulceration along sigmoid portion of the colon. Biopsy indicates adenopolyps and adenocarcinoma of the rectum and ulcerative colitis above the rectal area 0f the colon. CT Scan confirm existence and extent of the lesions along the colon.

Questions:

1.   Based on the results of examination, which bodily function will most likely be affected? Explain.

2.   Her recent weight loss is best explained by which?

3.   Her treatment will most likely include what?

4.   The barium enema with air contrast is a process for better detection of what?

Explanation / Answer

1. Based on all examinations and symtoms patients bowel habits are greatly disturbed.

2. recent weight loss is best explained of cancer. because in cancer there is unexplanied weight loss occur during first diagnosis

3.chemotherapy required for adenocarcinoma. in many cases chemotherapy can be used in combination of other forms such as radiation treatment or surgery.

4.Barium enema with air contrast is process used for mainly detection of normal and abnormal anatomy of colon and rectum.

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