1. Explain the following concepts in your own words: (a) One-way ANOVA; (b) Betw
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Question
1. Explain the following concepts in your own words:
(a) One-way ANOVA;
(b) Between-subjects ANOVA;
(c) Within-subjects ANOVA.
(d) If a researcher conducts a one-way ANOVA in which one independent variable has four levels, how many different groups would be in the study? How did you arrive at your answer?
(e) State in words the null hypothesis for a one-way ANOVA.
(f) What type of effect size measure is used for a one-way between-subjects ANOVA.
(g) What type of effect size measure is used for a one-way within-subjects ANOVA?
(h) What determines whether the effect is small, medium, or large?
2. What is the decision at a .05 level of significance for each of the following tests? Hint: Find the critical value for each test (table starts on page 483) and then make a decision.
(a) F(3, 26) = 3.00;
(b) F(5, 20) = 2.54;
(c) F(2, 12) = 3.81;
(d) F(4,30) = 2.72.
3. Data Interpretation and Presentation:
Ye, Gao, Wang, and Luo (2012).
A study was conducted to examine levels of gambling addiction in players of three types of lottery in China. Data were evaluated using a one-way ANOVA. Gambling addiction was measured using the Lottery Addiction Scale (LAS) and the three types of lottery were Union Lotto (M=25.86, SD=8.11), 3-Digit Lottery (M=30.32, SD=7.37), and Online Lottery (M=28.15, SD=8.69). The sample sizes for each type of lottery were 304, 289, and 263 respectively. The F statistic was 21.43 and the p value was less than 0.001. The omega squared effect size was .21. Post hoc testing using Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test revealed significant differences in the mean LAS scores for the 3-Digit Lottery buyers and the Online Lottery buyers with a p value of 0.007, the 3-Digit Lottery buyers and the Union Lotto buyers with a p value of less than 0.001, and the Online Lottery buyers and the Union Lottery buyers with a p value equal to 0.005.
Present these findings in APA format. Include in your presentation whether the study was within subjects or between subjects. What calculations, if any, did you have to do in order to present the findings? Explain your calculations.
Explanation / Answer
1. Explain the following concepts in your own words:
(a) One-way ANOVA;
One way Anova or one way analysis of variance or single factor analysis of variance is a test for that compares the means of groups or samples and makes interpretations about the entire population. Essentially you are testing samples to see if there are similarities or differences between them. One way tests one independent variable.
(b) Between-subjects ANOVA;
Between subjects Anova compares different samples or groups with each other. In other words, between subjects or between groups is the variation of mean of the subjects compared to the grand mean.
(c) Within-subjects ANOVA.
Within subjects Anova compares the variance within the groups and not with another sample. This means variation of subjects with the subject means.
(d) If a researcher conducts a one-way ANOVA in which one independent variable has four levels, how many different groups would be in the study? How did you arrive at your answer?
Four different groups. E.g. colours of a same mobile phone. X mobile phone would have 4 groups namely, Red, White, Black and Blue.
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