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n 1986, 9,000 women were in the \"hot zone,\" a 30 kilometer diameter circle whi

ID: 3178050 • Letter: N

Question

n 1986, 9,000 women were in the "hot zone," a 30 kilometer diameter circle which would eventually become the “exclusion zone,” when the Chernobyl nuclear disaster occurred in the, then, USSR. As of 2010, the incidence of neural tube defects in the offspring of these women (Chernobyl) was compared with that of 18,000 women who lived in Canada and never visited the area. 540 of the Chernobyl women had children with neural tube defects and 202 of the Canadian women had children with neural tube defects. Develop a 2 x 2 table and calculate the following: Calculate the relative risk of having a child with defects if you were in the “hot zone.” Interpret the result.

RR = 5 Women who were in the hot zone were 5 times more likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

RR = 5.35 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.35 times more likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

RR = 5.35 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.35 times less likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may decrease the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

RR = 5.35 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.35 times less likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

RR = 5.62 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.62 times more likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

RR = 5.62 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.62 times less likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may decrease the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

A.

RR = 5 Women who were in the hot zone were 5 times more likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

B.

RR = 5.35 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.35 times more likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

C.

RR = 5.35 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.35 times less likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may decrease the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

D.

RR = 5.35 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.35 times less likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

E.

RR = 5.62 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.62 times more likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

F.

RR = 5.62 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.62 times less likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may decrease the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

Explanation / Answer

Result:

In 1986, 9,000 women were in the "hot zone," a 30 kilometer diameter circle which would eventually become the “exclusion zone,” when the Chernobyl nuclear disaster occurred in the, then, USSR. As of 2010, the incidence of neural tube defects in the offspring of these women (Chernobyl) was compared with that of 18,000 women who lived in Canada and never visited the area. 540 of the Chernobyl women had children with neural tube defects and 202 of the Canadian women had children with neural tube defects. Develop a 2 x 2 table and calculate the following: Calculate the relative risk of having a child with defects if you were in the “hot zone.” Interpret the result.

Hot zone

Canada

Total

neural tube defects

540

202

742

No neural tube defects

8460

17798

26258

Total

9000

18000

27000

Risk in hot zone = 540/9000

Risk in Canada = 202/18000

Relative Risk = (540/9000) /(202/18000)

=5.346535

=5.35 ( two decimals)

Option B:

B.

RR = 5.35 Women who were in the hot zone were 5.35 times more likely to have children with neural tube defects than women who lived in Canada. Being inside the hot zone when the Chernobyl power plant melted down may increase the chance of having a child with neural tube defects.

Hot zone

Canada

Total

neural tube defects

540

202

742

No neural tube defects

8460

17798

26258

Total

9000

18000

27000