What is evident from Table 2? A. Low birth weight and low gestational age are bo

Question

What is evident from Table 2?

A. Low birth weight and low gestational age are both associated with development of asthma independently of maternal education (and some other factors).

B. Abnormally high gestational age is associated with the development of asthma after adjustment for maternal education and other factors.

C. Moderate confounding by factors such as child’s gender, age and/or maternal education is evident in the change of estimate between the crude and adjusted values.

D. Two of the other answers are correct.

TABLE 2 Unadjusted and Adjusted ORs for Asthma in Relation to the Exposure Variables Birth Weight, GA, and Birth Weight SDS, Respectively, in the Cohort Analyses of Swedish Twins Aged 9 or 12 Years Exposure Variable Unadjusted OR (N= 10918) Adjusted OR N- 8119)a Birth weight, g 2.01 (1.70-2.38) 1.09 (0.93-127) 1.00 0.89 (0.75-1.04) 0.91 (0.69-1.19) 1.55 (1.40-1.72) 2.12 (173-2.60) 1.17 (0.98-1.40) 1.00 0.91 (0.75-1.10) 1.07 (0.79-1.45) 1.57 (1.38-1.79) S1999 2000-2499 3000-3499 3500 Birth weight per 1000-g decrease GA, wk 531 32-34 35-36 37-38 39-40 241 2.49 (1.95-3.16) 1.72 (1.42-2.07) 1.26 (1.06-1.49) 1.00 0.92 (0.77-1.10) 1.03 (0.60-1.79) 1.11 (1.08-1.13) 237 (1.78-3.17) 1.70 (1.36-2.14) 1.29 (1.06-1.56) 1.00 0.94 (0.78-1.17) 1.14 (0.47-1.89) 1.10 (1.07-1.13) GA per reduced wk Birth weight SDS Less than -1.0 -1.0to-0.5 -0.5 to 0.5 0.5 to 1.0 1.0 1.17 (0.99-1.37) 0.97 (0.82-1.14) 1.00 0.95 (0.80-1.13) 0.87 (0.73-1.03) 1.09 (1.03-1.16) 1.23 (1.02-1.49) 0.96 (0.78-1.17) 1.00 1.03 (0.85-1.12) 0.96 (0.78-1.18) 1.07 (1.00-1.15) Birth weight SDS per decrease of SD Adjusted for child's gender, age, and zygosity, maternal age and parity, maternal education, smoking during pregnancy family situation, country of birth, and BMI.

Explanation / Answer

The above table clearly shows that children with a pretty low birth weight as of the first set, and the children with low gestational age has a high chance of development of breathing trouble or asthma.

Now the variable gestational age and the weight of the child is dependent on each other, hence the two variables would affect each other, hence they are confounding variable and thus affect the final chance of developing asthma.Hence,

D. Two of the other answers are correct.

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