A woman believes she might be pregnant. In order to confirm or refute this suspi

Question

A woman believes she might be pregnant. In order to confirm or refute this suspicion,
she takes a home pregnancy test. Consider this situation to be analogous to hypothesis
testing. In so doing, identify the following:
a) The null hypothesis (recall it is usually the hypothesis corresponding to there is
nothing going on.
b) The alternative hypothesis.
c) Describe what would be a Type 1 error in this setting.
d) Describe what would be a Type 2 error in this setting.
e) Which type of error do you personally feel is worse and why?

The general population has 10% of people who are left-handed. It was hypothesized
that the proportion of artists who are left-handed is more than that in the general
population. A random sample of 150 artists found 18 to be left-handed. Show all steps
of hypothesis testing to determine if this sample has provided sufficient evidence for the
hypothesis. Use significance level 0.05.

Explanation / Answer

a) The null hypothesis is that she is pregnant.

b) The alternative hypothesis is that she is not pregnant.

c) Type I error will occur if we conclude she is not pregnant when she is actually pregnant, which will lead to fatal consequences.

d) Type II error will occur if we conclude she is pregnant when she is actually not pregnant.

e) Type-I error is worse since we are elminating the possibility of pregnancy when she is actually pregnant.

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