Provide detailed reasons for your answers please. 1. In the biaxial stretching o

Question

Provide detailed reasons for your answers please.

1. In the biaxial stretching of a thin biological membrane, one can calculate the biaxial state of stress for an isotropic, elastic and homogeneous material, provided one

(a) measures strains in two directions.

(b) predetermines the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio experimentally.

(c) assumes the material property to be linear.

(d) does all of the above.

2. Axial load on a cylindrical specimen in a uniaxial strain condition produces

(a) only axial compressive stresses.

(b) only shear stresses.
(c) axial compressive stresses and shear stresses.

(d) compressive stresses in axial and radial directions.

3. Constitutive equation describes the relationship between:

(a) force and displacement
(b) stress and strain
(c) eigenvectors and eigenvalues

(d) all of the above

4. A rigid body is held in equilibrium by 3 forces. Equilibrium is assured if:

(a) the forces are concurrent

(b) the vector addition of forces is zero.

(c) the parallelogram law of vector addition is commutative.

(d) all of the above.

5. When a long bone is loaded in torsion
(a) only shear stresses are produced in all regions of the bone
(b) tension, compression and shear stresses are produced in all regions of the bone

(c) only tension and compression stresses are produced on planes 45 deg to the long axis of the bone

(c) none of the above

Explanation / Answer

1) (a) measures strains in two directions.

Biological cells plated on an elastic membrane are placed under biaxial strain for purposes of observation by a device that includes a support with an opening over which the membrane is secured, a movable cylinder coaxial with the opening and fitting closely but movably within the opening, and an actuating member that stabilizes and controls the position of the cylinder relative to the opening. The actuating member is coupled to the support by a threaded connection while engaging the movable cylinder. The degree of membrane stretch is accurately controlled by the rotation of the actuating member.

2) (c) axial compressive stresses and shear stresses.

The Uniaxial Strain Test is a laboratory test method that is used to assess the mechanical properties of rocks and fine-grained soils. It provides a measure of the deformation characteristics of the soil, rock or other material under consideration. It is most often applied to soil and rock samples to simulate in situ confining pressures and measure the corresponding strength and deformation characteristics. Uniaxial strain tests are used to define the nonlinear compressibility curve of the material as well as the material

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