BIOLOGY Section I 53 Multiple-Choice Questions 5 Grid-In Questions Time-90 Minut

Question

BIOLOGY Section I 53 Multiple-Choice Questions 5 Grid-In Questions Time-90 Minutes Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet Lion Hawk Snake Insect-eating bird Deer Shrew Grasshopper Rabbit Squirrel Grasses Bush Tree The food web represented above does not include bacteria and fungi. Which of the following best describes a consequence of having no bacteria and fungi in the food web? (A) Grasses will have no direct access to chemical components recycled from dead organisms. (B) Rabbits will have no direct access to energy absorbed from secondary consumers. (C) Shrews will have no direct access to matter transferred from tertiary consumers. (D) Hawks will have no direct access to nitrogen acquired from the atmosphere.

Explanation / Answer

Option A is correct. Bacteria and fungi are decomposers. They degrade the dead organisms and recycle the important elements from dead organisms.

Many elements like carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus are used by plants and phytoplanktons and converted into proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. These plants and phytoplanktons are consumed by other organisms. When these organisms die, the elements are locked in their bodies. Decomposers (bacteria and fungi) decompose the dead body and recycle the elements into atmosphere which are again used by the plants and phytoplankton.

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