26. What do book lungs and a tracheal system have in common? (A) They both trans

Question

26. What do book lungs and a tracheal system have in common? (A) They both transfer oxygen to the circulatory system, which transports it to the body tissues and organs. (B) They are both commonly used by insects for gas exchange. (C) They are both developed for life in a terrestrial environment. D) A & B E) A & C 27. Which of these animals is most separated evolutionarily from the others? (A) starfish; (B) grasshopper; (C) jellyfish; (D) snake; (E) earthwornm 28. The function of nematocysts in the Cnidaria is: (A) reproduction; (B) feeding; (C) excretion; (D) structural support; (E) gas exchange. 29. Which of the following is true of the Gastropoda? (A) They are entirely marine in distribution. (B) They are adapted for a free-swimming lifestyle. (C) They are mostly herbivores. (D) A & B (E) A,B & C 30. Which of the following is characteristic of oligochaete annelids? (A) parapodia (B) they live in a marine environment (C) circular and longitudinal muscle layers in each segment (D) A & B (E) A,B & C 31. Which class of echinoderms is characterized by having five distinct "arms"? (A) Ophiuroidea; (B) Echinoidea; (C) Holothuroidea; (D) A & B; (E) A,B&C; 32. Which of the following features of early lobe-finned fish facilitated the evolution of amphibians in a terrestrial environment? (A) extension of bones of the internal skeleton into the pectoral and pelvic fins (B) development of primitive lungs (Cdvlopment of bony scales (D) A & B (E) A,B & C 33. What is the waste product produced in the process of deamination? (A) ammonia; (B) carbon dioxide; (C) keto acids; (D) urea; (E) A & B. 34. Which of the following are considered to be "true" appendages in insects? (A) antennae; (B) wings; (C) chelicerae; (D)A&B;(E) A,B & C.

Explanation / Answer

26. (E) A & C

Book lungs and tracheal system function in gaseous exchange from the air/surroudings. Book lungs are said to have evolved from book gills; tracheal system functions to facilitate gaseous exchange between air and issues. However, book lungs is characteristics to arachnids (apulmonary), so it would be wrong to use the generalised term "insect" for both rerpiratory systems. Hence, statement A & C hold true.

27. (D) Snake

All other options belong to non-chordate group: Starfish (Echinodermata), grasshopper (Insecta), jellyfish (Cnidaria/Coelenterate), earthworm (Annelida) whereas, Snake belongs to Phylum Chordate of class reptilia. The chordates have a characteristic feature, notocord which a totally different evolutionary line amongst the mentioned animals.

28. (B) feeding

Nematocysts found in Cnidarians are minute, elongated or capsule like structures which have poison and are used in catching prey or to safegaurd against enemies. So, feeding would be an answer.

29. (C) herbivores

Gastropods have the most diverse habitats so, they cannot be generalised into being marine in distribution and same can be said about their free-swimming lifestyle. However, the most familiar and better known gastropods are terrestrial and are herbivores. Of the marine gastropods, some have a siphon and are carnivores. Now, looking at the options, it is safe to select option (C) since most of them are herbivores and carnivorous habit is due to specialisation. Options, (D) and (E) include (A) which is a false statement so, both get negated.

30. (C) circular and longitudial muscle layers in each segment

Oligochaeta lacks parapodia and are found in terrestrial, freshwater water habitats, so they cannot be summarised to be marine. Since, options (A) and (B) are false, so, options (D) and (E) do not hold true either.

31. (D) A & B

Ophiuroidea have five arms and regular echinoids have the pentameral symmetry. Holothuroidea are "armless".

32. (D) A & B

33. (A) Ammonia

Deamination is the removal of an amino group from a molecule, which is converted to ammonia.

34. (A) & (B)

Chelicerae are mouth parts pf arthropoda group, not insecta.

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