7. We are fighting what seems to be a losing battle against antibiotic-resistant

Question

7. We are fighting what seems to be a losing battle against antibiotic-resistant Gram negative bacteria, such as “beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaeceae” (BLPE). BLPE seemed to arise all of a sudden in response to the common use of penicillin to treat infections caused by Enterobacteriaeceae.

BLPE are resistant to all of the following antibiotics. For each, state the antibiotic’s mode of action, and explain the most likely resistance mechanism.

A. Ceftriaxone

B. Tetracycline

C. Aminoglycosides

D. Vancomycin

Explanation / Answer

A. Ceftriaxone

Explanation:- Ceftriaxone is a member of beta lactam family of antibiotics. It works by selectively and irreversibly blocks bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding with transpeptidases enzyme required for cell wall synthesis.

B. Tetracycline

Explanation:- Tetracycline blocks A site on ribosome preventing the incoming aminoacyl tRNA to bring amino acid into growing polypeptide.

C. Aminoglycosides

Explanation:- These antibacterial agents work by inhibiting protein synthesis by blocking translocation ( from A site to P site) especially against gram negative aerobic bacteria .

D. Vancomycin

Explanation:- Vancomycin works by inhibiting wall synthesis as it interferes with NAG and NAM incorporation into cell wall among gram positive bacterial cells.

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