A proton is moving in a region of space where there is a uniform electric field.

Question

A proton is moving in a region of space where there is a uniform electric field. A teacher asks if it is possible to find the proton moving in a direction different from the direction of the electric field, and why. Which of the following student responses is entirely correct?

It is not possible. The direction in which the proton moves is given by its velocity. The electric field determines the direction of the proton?s acceleration. Acceleration determines velocity, so that the two quantities must point in the same direction.

It is only possible if the proton travels very fast, so that the effect of the electric field can be neglected.

It is perfectly possible. The direction in which the proton moves is given by its velocity. The electric field determines the direction of the proton?s acceleration. Velocity and acceleration can point in different directions.

It is only possible if there is an additional (not electric) force acting on the proton.

It is not possible. Positively charged particles always move in the direction of the electric field.

Explanation / Answer

It is only possible if the proton travels very fast, so that the effect of the electric field can be neglected.

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