Doing a great job with this difficult topic so far. I\'d like to give you my sum

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Doing a great job with this difficult topic so far. I'd like to give you my summary--here are the key philosophical figures of the era: John Locke: Locke argued that when humans are born, our brains are tabula rasa--a blank slate. All knowledge comes from experience. Politically, Locke played an important role in developing the idea of the "social contract." We give up some natural rights in order to be governed by an authority, because that authority provides security. Locke stated that this social contract should come with some guarantees--life, liberty, property. If those rights are violated, we have a right to rebel! David Hume: Hume also believed that knowledge came from experience. He also believed that desires, not beliefs, motivates our actions. We all have some sort of natural morality, which causes us to like or dislike others' actions. Moral judgments are simply an expression of approval or disapproval. Jean Jaques Rousseau: He thought morality was not a social construct, but something we are all born with. A proponent of the social contract, he saw it only really working when society was equitable, with no huge differences between rich and poor. Immanual Kant: Kant believed that there is a universal moral law which applies to everyone. It tells us the right thing to do, regardless of what we desire. We can never really know how the world works, or how we truly inhabit time and space. So these are the biggies in a nutshell. I wonder what these guys would think of society today?

Explanation / Answer

desires motivates our actions.

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