Based in this article (both links are the same article) answer the following que

Question

Based in this article (both links are the same article) answer the following questions:

the article is:

http://www.genetics.org/content/genetics/204/2/401.full.pdf or

http://www.genetics.org/content/204/2/401#sec-3

1. Purpose: In 1-2 sentences, what was the research question the speaker was trying to answer and why?

2. Hypothesis: In 1-2 sentences, what is the hypothesis behind the speaker’s research?

3. Explain: Describe your thought process behind determining the purpose and hypothesis of this presentation. In other words why did you answer the way you did.

4. Key Claims/Findings: What are two statements that are used to support the research hypothesis?

a.

b.

5. Evidence: What evidence does the author use to support each of the key claims you identified?

a.

b.

Explanation / Answer

1. Mendel Genetic experiments were carried out without the influence of Darwin's assumptios about evolution. But, when he was compiling his results and writing a paper, he might had infuenced by Darwin's theory of evolution. Therefore, Mendel was thought to be influenced by Darwin.

2. Hypothesis is that Mendel owned a personal copy of Darwin’s Origin of Species, a German translation published in 1863, and it contains his marginalia. Its publication date indicates that Mendel’s study of Darwin’s book could have had no influence while he was conducting his experiments but its publication date coincided with the period of time when he was preparing his paper, making it possible that Darwin’s writingsinfluenced Mendel’s interpretations and theory.

3. Darwin proposed theory of evolution basing on natural selection. Mendelian experiments with pea plants proved the natural selection in the inheritance of traits from one generation to other.

4.

a) Darwinized English translation of Mendel’s paper by comparing German terms Mendel employed with the same terms in the German translation of Origin of Species in his possession, then using Darwin’s counterpart English words and phrases as much as possible in our translation.

b) We found a substantially higher use of these terms in the final two (10th and 11th) sections of Mendel’s paper, particularly in one key paragraph, where Mendel reflects on evolutionary issues, providing strong evidence of Darwin’s influence on Mendel.

5.

a)

A few pages into the first chapter of the1859 first edition of Darwin’s Origin of Species, readers encounter a sentence that succinctly states what was true at the time:“The laws governing inheritance are quite unknown”(Darwin 1859, p.13).

b)

An important discovery that emerged from this effort was strong evidence of Darwin’s influence on Mendel’s writing. Under the premise that the passages Mendel marked in Origin of Species may have preferentially influenced his writing, we color-coded words and phrases in his original German paper that matched words and phrases from the passages Mendel marked in his German translation of Origin of Species(excluding common words whose function is more grammat-ical than substantive). We then used a different color to denote words and phrases not in the passages Mendel marked but found elsewhere in Origin of Species. Both types of phraseology were collectively abundant in the paper.

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