Be tween 1934 and 1943, public health surveillance data available to the Centers

Question

Be tween 1934 and 1943, public health surveillance data available to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicates there were on average 200.752 cases of pertussis reported (140 per 100,000 population) every year. In the US, DPT vaccination started in the early 1910s but it has been widely adopted since 1942. The rate of reported cases was 8 per 100,000 by 1960. After DPT and other childhood vaccinations became mandatory before school enrollment in 1980, the rate was at 1 per 100,000. In the 1990s the whole cell vaccine that was used in DPT was substituted by the triple acellular pertussis vaccine or DTaP because the later does not carry the risk of adverse events such as encephalitis. In 2005-2007 ther were 17,000 pertussis cases every year, and the rates reached again to 6-8 cases per 100,000; moreover, the number of cases and rates continued to climb reaching a record of 48,000 in 2012 for a rate of 15.4, and went down back to 6.5 per 100,000 in 2015. It is believed that the under-reporting of pertussis using passive surveillance has always been severe, with 5-6 cases per reported case. Since the early 2000s culture and direct fluorescent antibody testing have been replaced by PCR to confirm the diagnosis. Although infants remain the group at highest risk, there has been a consistent trend of slight increasing risk among older children. Since the 1980s, a large proportion of cases have occurred among fully vaccinated children, and analytic studies suggest waning of the immune response obtained through DTaP Which of the approaches can be used to assess the effectiveness of the vaccination program? 0 a. Evaluation of reported incidence of pertussis data O b. Cohort study ° C. Case-control study Od Experimental study

Explanation / Answer

The second option is correct.

The cohort study is a good process to get the effectiveness of the vaccine of this case. It is because we have to study many people. We need to take them in groups by matching their characteristics and then study their lives. In the given case, we are getting that there are too many statistical complications. In such condition, cohort study is the best to get the effectiveness of the vaccine.

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