Be sure to aswer all parts Fill in the needed bases, codon, anticodion, or amino

Question

Be sure to aswer all parts Fill in the needed bases, codon, anticodion, or amino acid needed to complete the following table that relates the sequences of DNA, mRNA, ERNA, and the resnlting polypeptide. DNA 3' end DNA template mRNA codons: 5" end 3' end RNA anticodons: -Val TABLE 22.3 The Genetic Code-Triplets in Messenger RNA First Base Third Base UUUPhe UICUSer IAL Tyr UGCys UUAeuUCASerUAASopUIGA Stop CUA Leu CCA Pro CAAGin CGA AgA ALIC?..?le 'ACC ?r AAC Asn AGC Ser C Al GAAs GUCval GCClaGACAsp GGCGly Ala GAA G

Explanation / Answer

DNA consists of two antiparallel strands. These two antiparallel strands are connected to each other by hydrogen bonding as a result of base pairing. There are four bases in DNA and those are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine. In DNA, adenine base pairs with thymine by two hydrogen bonds and guanine base pairs with cytosine by three hydrogen bonds.

There are also four bases in RNA. Those bases are Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil. So, in RNA thymine is replaced by uracil. Adenine also base pairs with uracil.

Using the DNA template strand, m-RNA is produced by the enzyme RNA Polymerase. The formation of RNA from DNA is called Transcription.

Using the codons of m-RNA, a chain of a polypeptide is produced with the help of t-RNA and ribosome. This process is called Translation.

Here, for the valine amino acid, we are considering the codon, GUU.

Therefore,

DNA informational strand: 5' end CAC CCT GGG TCA GTT GTG 3' end

DNA template strand: 3' end GTG GGA CCC AGT CAA CAC 5' end

Explanation: Guanine base pairs with cytosine and adenine base pairs with thymine in DNA. Note that these two strands are antiparallel.

mRNA codons: 5' end CAC CCU GGG UCA GUU GUG 3' end

Explanation: Guanine base pairs with cytosine and adenine base pairs with uracil in RNA. We have mentioned earlier that here we are considering the codon, GUU for the valine amino acid.

tRNA anticodons: GUG GGA CCC AGU CAA CAC

Explanation: Anticodon is a three-nucleotide sequence that recognizes the codon by base pairing with the mRNA.

Polypeptide: His Pro Gly Ser Val Val

Explanation: Using the mRNA sequence, the chain of a polypeptide is produced by the process called translation. We can get the information about the codons for any specific amino acid from the table of the genetic code.

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