448 Chapter 1 atoms during a collision increases the vibrational ding increase e

Question

448 Chapter 1 atoms during a collision increases the vibrational ding increase energy of the of the conductor. collisions, however, the electrons move slowly along the opposite E with drift velocity vd. conductor in EXAMPLE 17.2 Drift Speed of Electrons of an electron gas. Goal Calculate a drift speed and compare it with the rms speed carries a current of 10.o (a) Assum Problem A copper wire of cross ctional area 9.00 x 10 m2 drift speed of the electrons in this wire copper atom contributes one free electron to the metal, find the have at 20 ideal gas model to compare the drift speed with the random rms speed an electron sity of copper is 8.92 g/cm and its atomic mass is 63.5 u. Strategy All the variables Equation are known except for n, the number of free charge carrier per ume. can find n by in 17.2 an (6.02 1023 recalling that one of each atom one charge to the metal. The volume of one mole can be found from c density and atomic mass. The atomic mass is the same, numerically, as the number of grams in a Solution (a) Find the drift speed of the electrons.

Explanation / Answer

when the material is subjected to constant electric field the electrons are directed with certainvelocity.is called drift velocity

Vd=mu*E

mu=mobility of electron

current density is defined as current for unit area

J=NeVdE

J=10/(3*10^-6)

=3.33*10^6

N=no of electrons per unit volume

N=A0*D/A

=6.023*10^23*8.92/63.5

=0.846*10^23 molecules/mole

e=1.6*10^-19 coloumbs

substitue above values in the equation we will get velocity when there is electric field

rms value of electron will be

V=SQUARE ROOT OF(3KT/M)

=4.37*10^-10m/s

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