Q1) The reaction shown below is endothermic. NH4NO3 (s) NH4 + (aq) + NO3 (aq) a)

Question

Q1) The reaction shown below is endothermic.

NH4NO3 (s) NH4 + (aq) + NO3 (aq)

a) Add energy (heat) to the above reaction as either a product or a reactant.

b) If the system shown above is cooled down, would the equilibrium shift to the right or to the left? Why?

c) Suppose you increase the concentration of NH4 + (aq). Would the equilibrium shift to the right or to the left? Why?

Q2) Consider the equilibrium reaction shown below.

HF(aq) + H2O(l) H3O + (aq) + F (aq)

a) What will happen to the concentration of hydronium (H3O + ) in the system if a solution containing hydroxide (OH ) is added? (Hint: see Equation (1).)

b) In which direction will the equilibrium shift if hydroxide is added? Why?

Explanation / Answer

1) a) addition of heat to the reaction lead to forward direction or it will favor formation of product.

b) cooling will shift reaction to the left

c) according to the LE Chatelier principle addition of product leads to reaction to the left side

therefore addition of NH4+ will lead to the reaction toward left side

2) a) addition of OH- will decrease the concentration of H3O+ by reacting with it and will generate H2O

B) OH - will decrease the concentration of H3O+ and therefore reaction will proceed to right side

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