Produces antibodies a. basophils b. B-lymphocytes c. plasma cells d. T-1ymphocyt

Question

Produces antibodies a. basophils b. B-lymphocytes c. plasma cells d. T-1ymphocytes Type of immunity involved when one receives gamma globulins after known exposure to a pathogen a. artificial active immunity b) artificial passive immunity c. natural active immunity d. natural passive immunity The compound that enters the citric acid cycle is a. acetyl-CoA b. citric acid c. glucose d. pyruvate Usually begins the catabolism of glucose a. respiration b. fermentation c. glycolysis d. oxidative phosphorylation The result of the deletion or insertion of a base a. frameshift mutation b. nonsense mutation c. point mutation d. missense mutation Inhibits protein synthesis a. chloramphenicol b. erythromycin c. streptomycin d) all of these Enzymes of glycolysis are a. inducible b. repressible c. constitutive d. all of these Substrate level phosphorylation occurs in a. glycolysis b. the Citric Acid Cycle c. the ETS d. a and b Inanimate objects that a

Explanation / Answer

Answer 31:- Basophils act in inflammatory reactions specifically in those which shows allergic reactions and contains anticoagulant heparin which prevents blood from clotting too quickly.

So the Option a is incorrect.

B-lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell, they function in humoral immunity and produces antibodies.

So the option B is correct.

Plasma cells are also type B-lymphocyte but they are fully differentiated B-lymphocyte and produces single type of antibody.

So the option C is incorrect.

t-lymphocyte is produced by thymus gland and plays an important role in immune response.

So the option D is incorrect.

Answer 32:- An artificial active immunity is the immunity which is given by the vaccination to the patients. This contains weaken bacterial toxins or viruses, which in result signals the immune system to secrete antibodies and which then makes memory of tthatt pathogen.

So the option A is incorrect.

When high or moderate levels of antibodies such as gamma globulin is injected in any individual, that individual generates artificial passive immunity because we already contains the type of immune cells may be in low levels.

So the Option B is correct.

Natural active immunity is the type of immunity a person generates when exposed to a live pathogen. First the person develops disease and then the immunity.

So the Option C in incorrect.

Natural passive immunity is when the antibodies are transferred from maternal through placenta to fetus or when the immune system already memorized the disease the disease and already generated the immunity against that infection.

So the option D is incorrect.

Answer 33:-Acetyl-CoA is the compound which is produced in the interlinking reaction between the glycolysis and the TCA cycle. Acetyl-CoA is also the entering or substrate molecule in the citric acid cycle.

So the Option A is incorrect.

Citric Acid is the intermediate molecule of the TCA cycle and is produces during the process.

So the option B is incorrect.

Glucose is the substrate of gylcolysis or a entering molecule of glycolysis.

So the option C is incorrect.

Pyruvate is produced by the glycolysis and is the substrate for the interlinking reaction which produces Acetyl-CoA.

So the option D is incorrect.

Answer 34:- Respiration is the process of intake of oxygen and its movement which results in the oxidation of complex organic compounds into energy required by the organism and produces carbon dioxide and waste product after the reaction.

So the Option A is incorrect.

Fermentaton is a metabolic process which occurs usually in bacteria or yeast or oxygen starved muscles in human beings or in other animals. The break down of sugars into lactic acid occurs in oxygen starved muscles and is known as Lactic acid fermentation.

So the option B is incorrect.

Glycolysis is break of glucose into pyruvate by producing many moles of energy in the form of ATP.

So the option C is correct.

Oxidative phosphorylation is the process which involves electrons and enzymes in the energy production in the cell. Which does not include glucose at all.

So the option D is incorrect.

Answer 35:- Frameshift mutation occurs when a frame of bases is deleted from the DNA segment. This causes frameshift mutation.

So the option A is incorrect.

Nonsense is a type of mutation in which a sense codon that results into around twenty specificied amino acids by genetic code is changed into chain terminating codon.

So the option B is incorrect.

Point mutation occurs when a single base is deleted from the segment of DNA and results in mutation.

So the Option C is correct.

Missense mutation is the result of the point mutation in which it changes a single nucleotide and changes the amino acid.

So Option D is incorrect.

Answer36:- Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic drug and inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. It inhibits protein synthesis by preventing chain elongation by inhibiting the activity of petidyl transferase at bacterial ribosiome.

Erthromycin bonds to the 50s subunits of ribosome of bacteria and causes bacteriostatic effects by inhibiting protein synthesis, DNA replication, etc.

Streptomycin is also a bacteriostatic drug which inhibits the protein synthesis by binding with 16s subunit of 30s RNA and inhibits the binding of formyl-methionyl tRNA.

So the option D is correct.

Answer 37:- Some enzymes are synthesized when they are needed, the substrates of the processes activates the synthesis of these enzymes and these enzymes are known as Inducible enzymes.

So the Option A is incorrect.

Repressible enzymes are the enzymes which are produces continuously even in the presence of an inhibitor in the cell, which in case of glycolysis, the pathway can be inhibited by the inhibitors.

So the option B is incorrect.

The enzymes which are always present in the cells in constant amounts for the central metabolic processes and pathways such as Glycolysis. These enzymes are known as Constitutive enzymes.

So the option C is incorrect.

Hence the Option D is also incorrect.

Answer 38:- The metabolic reaction that occurs when their is a transfer of phophoryl(PO3) group to ADP or GDP to form ATP or GTP.

The Subtrate level phosphorylation occurs in the Kreb or Citric Acid Cycle and in outside the cytoplasm during glucolysis. This occurs to form the ATP to make the energy required by the cell.

The Electron Transport Chain or ETS involves oxidative phosphorylation to sum up the energy requirement of the cell by making ATP molecules in the cell.

So the Option C is incorrect.

Hence by the above explanation we got to know that the answer is Option D.

Answer 40:- Interferons are the group of proteins which signals the immune system about the presence of pathogens in the cell. The Interferons are secreted by the host cells in the response.

Antibodies are the particles which are secreted by the cells in the presence of pathogens in defense to protect the cell and kills the pathogen.

Skin is a protective layer which contains mucus and is not a part of immune system.

So the answer is option D.

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