A) if you were to use IR spectroscopy how would you differentiate between aceton

Question

A) if you were to use IR spectroscopy how would you differentiate between acetone, water, and diethyl ether?  (include values and relate them to functional groups)

b) you want to carry out chemical reaction that is water sensitive, however the glassware contains salts and you need water to wash them out.

the reaction you are going to perform can be done either in acetonitril or toluene. After rinsing out the flask with water, what solvent would you then use to clean the flask:

acetonitril, toluene or either of these

c) Someone give you 3 flasks one contains choloform, one is cyclohexane and one is toluene.

How can you identify them from  physical properties? try to identify them in order give above and do

so without using boiling points/distillattion.

Explanation / Answer

A)

in IR spectra
acetone will give peak at 1725 Cm-1.which is correspond to carbonyl stretching frequency

water will show peak at around 3400 Cm-1.which is correspond to O-H stretching frequency


ether wil give peak at C-O    (stretch)    1050-1150 .   


b) After rinsing out the flask with water, what solvent would you then use to clean the flask:
i will use acetone to clean the glassware

c)
chloroform , chloroform is a hazardous chemical and should be treated with care. Chloroform has an ether-like odor that is sometimes described as pungent and sweet. The only exception is when it is dispensed in lower levels and then it is virtually odorless.

cyclohexane Odor     sweet, gasoline-like.

tolune is odorless

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