A.) Explain the importance of the cell cycle for multicellular organisms B.) Wha

Question

A.) Explain the importance of the cell cycle for multicellular organisms

B.) What are the two parts of cell theory?

C.) Explain how meiosis is different from mitosis.

D.) What is a somatic cell? How do they reproduce?

E.) What is the purpose of histones?

F.) List the three key events in animals that requires mitosis.

G.) Define asexual reproduction

H.) What is the difference between a centrosome and centromere?

I.) Describe the structure of DNA.

J.) When does a cell replicate its DNA/

K.) If a cell has 10 picograms of DNA in G1, how much DNA will it have in G2?

Explanation / Answer

A.) Explain the importance of the cell cycle for multicellular organisms

The cell cycle allows multicellular organisms to grow and divide.

B.) What are the two parts of cell theory?

The two parts of cell theory are as follows:

1. All known living things are made up of one or more cells.

2. All living cells arise from pre-existing cells.

C.) Explain how meiosis is different from mitosis.

In meiosis there are two rounds of genetic separation and cellular division, but in mitosis there is only one such division. The daughter cells formed in meiosis are not genetically identical, while those formed in mitosis are all identical to their parent cell.

D.) What is a somatic cell? How do they reproduce?

All cells of the body except the sperm and egg cells are somatic cells. They are diploid in nature and comprise of two sets of chromosomes inherited from each parent.

E.) What is the purpose of histones?

The purpose of histones is to pack DNA together into nucleosomes. They act as spools for DNA to wind around them. They also help in gene regulation.

F.) List the three key events in animals that require mitosis.

Wound health, cell growth, and asexual reproduction.

G.) Define asexual reproduction

The type of reproduction in which offspring arise from single parent is called asexual reproduction. Such offsprings inherit genes of only that parent.

H.) What is the difference between a centrosome and centromere?

Centrosome is a spherical cell organelle present near the nucleus. The role of this organelle is to initiate the process of cell division and form basal bodies of cilia and flagella. Centromere is a condensed region on chromosome. It is the place where spindle fibres attach to chromosomes during cell division.

I.) Describe the structure of DNA.

DNA is a double stranded helical structure. The two strands of the DNA run in opposite directions. Each strand is a chain of nucleotides and has a backbone made up of sugar molecules linked together by phosphate groups.

J.) When does a cell replicate its DNA/

A cell replicates its DNA before it divides. S phase is the phase during which DNA replicates in eukaryotic organisms.

K.) If a cell has 10 picograms of DNA in G1, how much DNA will it have in G2?

20 picograms.

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