The mRNA molecules produced from an active gene can be used as a template to syn

Question

The mRNA molecules produced from an active gene can be used as a template to synthesize

a. additional mRNAs.
b. cDNA.
c. tRNA.
d. ribosomal subunits.



A vector that contains a selectable marker gene, an origin of replication, a multiple cloning, and a Shine-Dalgarno sequence between a promoter and a terminator would likely be called a(n)

a. cloning vector.
b. transcribable vector.
c. PCR vector.
d. expression vector.


A vector that is obtained as a linear molecule containing single T overhanging bases at each end and also contains a selectable marker gene and an origin of replication would likely be called a(n)

a. shuttle vector.
b. transcribable vector.
c. PCR cloning vector.
d. expression vector.


Which of the following is NOT an advantage that bacteriophage vectors have over plasmid vectors?

a. They accept larger sequences than plasmids.
b. They lead to the death of cells that they infect.
c. They always contain multiple cloning sites with a greater number of restriction sites.
d. More phage plaques can be grown in the same area than bacterial colonies.


Which of the following statements about a Northern blot is INCORRECT?

a. In a Southern blot, DNA fragments are separated on the basis of size and blotted to a membrane filter; by contrast, in a Northern blot RNAs are separated on the basis of size and blotted to a membrane filter.
b. The size of the band on the membrane produced by the reaction of the probe with the mRNAs on the blot indicates the relative amount of mRNA in a cell to which the specific probe hybridizes.
c. The probes used to identify the mRNA of interest in a Northern blot must be made by PCR.
d. In each lane of a Northern blot, the mRNAs of different treatments to be compared are placed, but only a single probe is used to react with the entire blot. Thus, the results of one blot only relate information about a single gene.






Which of the following is a correct statement about polymerase chain reaction, or PCR?

a. Template DNA of known sequence that is bounded by two primers is amplified in a test tube using a special thermostable DNA polymerase. This technique is useful in a wide variety of molecular genetic strategies.
b. The DNA polymerase used in PCR is a special mutant form of E. coli DNA polymerase that is thermostable, and thus PCR can only be done on E. coli DNA.
c. A sequence can be amplified by PCR only after it has been inserted into a PCR vector, a requirement that greatly limits the utility of the technique.
d. It is critical that RNA be used as primers for PCR because DNA polymerases require RNA primers to initiate DNA synthesis, just as DNA polymerase does inside the cell.


Which of the following is NOT an application of PCR?

a. amplifying DNA for cloning
b. RT-PCR, or real-time PCR, for mRNA quantitation
c. amplifying DNA for disease diagnosis, sex determination of embryos, or forensic analysis
d. All of the choices listed are applications of PCR technology.



Vectors capable of entering two or more different host organisms are known as

a. dual vectors.
b. omnivectors.
c. shuttle vectors.
d. parity vectors.
e. universal vectors.



In a sequenced genome, candidate protein-encoding genes are identified by searching for

a. STRs.
b. RFLPs.
c. ESTs.
d. SNPs.
e. ORFs.


Which technique is NOT a technique used to identify specific clones in a cDNA library?

a. Immunoscreening using antibodies against a protein of interest.
b. Using a heterologous probe for the gene of interest from a related species.
c. Screening using a probe consisting of an intron from a gene of interest.
d. Both A & B are correct.
e. All of the above are correct.


DNA markers are:

a. DNA polymorphisms that are useful for genetic mapping.
b. Unique introns spliced out of genes during intron processing.
c. extremely rare occurrences in the noncoding regions of the genome because mutations are exceedingly rare events.
d. Both A & B are correct.
e. All of the above are correct.


A comparison of the sequence of a genomic clone versus a cDNA clone for a specific gene will demonstrate

a. the 3'-UTR of the gene.
b. the 5'-UTR of the gene.
c. the location of introns in the gene.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above.



Total mRNA was prepared from wild type yeast cells growing on galactose as the sole carbon source. This
mRNA was then used to prepare a cDNA library in E.coli. The plasmid DNA was extracted from the E.coli cells containing
the library, and transformed into mutant gal1 yeast cells (unable to grow on galactose as the sole carbon source. Yeast
cells able to grow on galactose were selected, and the inserts in the plasmids born by such cells were examined.
In order for this experiment to work, the cDNA library must have been built in which type of vector?

a. an expression vector
b. a shuttle vecotor
c. a shuttle-expression vector
d. a PCR vector
e. any vector that could be screened using blue/white selection in E.coli



An STR is:

a. A chloroplast enzyme
b. Repetitive sequence used in DNA fingerprinting
c. Short oligonucleotide probe
d. Identified by mRNA
e. Stems from single base substitution, for example


An SNP is:

a. an enzyme found in chloroplasts used in PCR
b. a repetitive sequence used in DNA fingerprinting
c. a short oligonucleotide probe found in a microarray
d. an mRNA containing a simple nucleotide VNTR
e. a single base substitution, addition, or deletion in the sequence of a gene

Explanation / Answer

The mRNA molecules produced from an active gene can be used as a template to synthesize
b. cDNA.

A vector that contains a selectable marker gene, an origin of replication, a multiple cloning, and a Shine-Dalgarno sequence between a promoter and a terminator would likely be called a(n)
b. transcribable vector.


A vector that is obtained as a linear molecule containing single T overhanging bases at each end and also contains a selectable marker gene and an origin of replication would likely be called a(n)
d. expression vector.

Which of the following is NOT an advantage that bacteriophage vectors have over plasmid vectors?
b. They lead to the death of cells that they infect.
Which of the following statements about a Northern blot is INCORRECT? c. The probes used to identify the mRNA of interest in a Northern blot must be made by PCR. Which of the following is a correct statement about polymerase chain reaction, or PCR?
a. Template DNA of known sequence that is bounded by two primers is amplified in a test tube using a special thermostable DNA polymerase. This technique is useful in a wide variety of molecular genetic strategies.

Which of the following is NOT an application of PCR? d. All of the choices listed are applications of PCR technology.
Vectors capable of entering two or more different host organisms are known as c. shuttle vectors.
In a sequenced genome, candidate protein-encoding genes are identified by searching for
e. ORFs.
Which technique is NOT a technique used to identify specific clones in a cDNA library? d. Both A & B are correct.

DNA markers are:
e. All of the above are correct.
A comparison of the sequence of a genomic clone versus a cDNA clone for a specific gene will demonstrate
d. All of the above.
In order for this experiment to work, the cDNA library must have been built in which type of vector? c. a shuttle-expression vector
An STR is:
b. Repetitive sequence used in DNA fingerprinting An SNP is:
e. a single base substitution, addition, or deletion in the sequence of a gene

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