Efferent Peripheral Nervous System Chart HW Help Efferent Peripheral Nervous Sys
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Question
Efferent Peripheral Nervous System Chart HW Help
Efferent Peripheral Nervous System Chart
Suppose you were the first scientist to investigate the effects of receptor types. You might come up with hypotheses about the physiological relationships of receptors to effector-organ responses. Summarize your hypotheses in the chart below for the effects of sympathetic stimulation under a “fight or flight” situation. For the expected responses of organs to sympathetic stimulation, reason it out – what should be the response under “fight or flight” conditions? You should be able to explain your answers.
Organ
Predicted organ response
Effector muscle type
Receptor type on muscle
Receptor-based effect*
Heart
Systemic blood vessels (system-wide, on average)
Blood vessels serving skeletal muscle
Coronary arteries and arterioles**
Blood vessels serving the GI tract
GI tract (circular and longitudinal muscle layers***)
Bronchioles
*Excitation vs. inhibition
** What do these serve? “The heart” is too general of an answer. What do they transport blood to? “To the heart” is also too general of an answer.
***Muscle found throughout most of the GI organ wall. Peristaltic contractions of these muscles move the contents (food and feces) though the organ.
You should repeat this exercise for the parasympathetic system, under a “rest and digest” situation, and for the somatic system.
Organ
Predicted organ response
Effector muscle type
Receptor type on muscle
Receptor-based effect*
Heart
Systemic blood vessels (system-wide, on average)
Blood vessels serving skeletal muscle
Coronary arteries and arterioles**
Blood vessels serving the GI tract
GI tract (circular and longitudinal muscle layers***)
Bronchioles
Explanation / Answer
Organ
Predicted organ response
Effector muscle type
Receptor type on muscle
Receptor-based effect*
Heart
Increased rate & force of contraction
Cardiac muscle
Beta1- adrenergic receptors
Excitation of the cardiac muscles for an enhanced rate of contraction
Systemic blood vessels (system-wide, on average)
Constriction of the blood vessels
Smooth muscle
Alpha1- adrenergic receptors
Excitation
Blood vessels serving skeletal muscle
Constriction of the blood vessels
Smooth muscle
Alpha1- adrenergic receptors
Excitation
Coronary arteries and arterioles**
Vasodilation of the coronary arteries & arterioles
Smooth muscle
Beta1- adrenergic receptors
coronary vasodilation and increased coronary flow due to increased metabolic activity
Blood vessels serving the GI tract
Vasoconstriction of these blood vessels
Smooth muscle
Alpha1- adrenergic receptors
Inhibition of gastrointestinal secretion
GI tract (circular and longitudinal muscle layers***)
Contraction of the muscle layers
Smooth muscle
Alpha1- adrenergic receptors
Inhibition of gastrointestinal secretion
Bronchioles
Dilation of the bronchioles
Smooth muscle
Beta2- adrenergic receptors
Relaxation of the bronchioles for an increase in respiration rate
Organ
Predicted organ response
Effector muscle type
Receptor type on muscle
Receptor-based effect*
Heart
Increased rate & force of contraction
Cardiac muscle
Beta1- adrenergic receptors
Excitation of the cardiac muscles for an enhanced rate of contraction
Systemic blood vessels (system-wide, on average)
Constriction of the blood vessels
Smooth muscle
Alpha1- adrenergic receptors
Excitation
Blood vessels serving skeletal muscle
Constriction of the blood vessels
Smooth muscle
Alpha1- adrenergic receptors
Excitation
Coronary arteries and arterioles**
Vasodilation of the coronary arteries & arterioles
Smooth muscle
Beta1- adrenergic receptors
coronary vasodilation and increased coronary flow due to increased metabolic activity
Blood vessels serving the GI tract
Vasoconstriction of these blood vessels
Smooth muscle
Alpha1- adrenergic receptors
Inhibition of gastrointestinal secretion
GI tract (circular and longitudinal muscle layers***)
Contraction of the muscle layers
Smooth muscle
Alpha1- adrenergic receptors
Inhibition of gastrointestinal secretion
Bronchioles
Dilation of the bronchioles
Smooth muscle
Beta2- adrenergic receptors
Relaxation of the bronchioles for an increase in respiration rate
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