1.An industry discharges 700 kg of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) per hour into a str
ID: 566765 • Letter: 1
Question
1.An industry discharges 700 kg of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) per hour into a stream. For the purpose of this problem, the stream is divided into three regions (flow rate -2 m/sec), i. Upstream of the discharge where the water is at equilibrium with the atmosphere (0.032% CO2, 0.000 % NH3). The pH in this region is 8.4 ii. Some distance downstream from the discharge where the waste has been mixed and equilibrated with the water, but air-water equilibrium has not had time to be re-established with the new conditions iii. Much further from the discharge where air-water equilibrium has been re-established. a) What is the pH in Region 2? b) What is the pH in Region 3?Explanation / Answer
The pH at region 2 will be more than the region 1. Because in region 1 the CO2 has equilibrium with streem, hence the pH will increses due to formation carbonic acid which known. But in the region 2 there is no chance of CO2 equilibrium with Streem.
In region 3, again the air equilibrium is reestablished. Therefore pH will be less than the region 2.
Equilibrium is established between the dissolved CO2 and H2CO3, carbonic acid.
CO2 (l) + H2O (l) to H2CO3 (l)
This reaction is kinetically slow. At equilibrium, only a small fraction of the dissolved CO2 is actually converted to H2CO3. Most of the CO2 remains as solvated molecular CO2
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