4. For the endothermic reaction given below, indicate which way the equilibrium

Question

4. For the endothermic reaction given below, indicate which way the equilibrium will shift (by circling the correct choice) when each of the following changes is made. [10 pts] heat + C (s) + CO2(g) 2CO(g) (a) The pressure is increased (b) Elemental carbon is added (c) The reaction is cooled (d) CO2 is added (e) The volume of the container is increased Cto products to products (to reactants no change to products to reactants ^no change to products (to reactants no change to products to reactants no change to reactants no change

Explanation / Answer

C(s) + CO2(g) + heat ------------------ 2CO(g)

Accoridng to Lechatelier principle, any factor is applied on equilibrium state ( Pressure, Concentration, volume and Temperature), the equlibrium adjusted itself towords to the changing factor is nullified side or reducing side.

a)Pressure is incrased--------

when the pressure is incrased on equilibrium condition, the equilibrium shifted towords to th number of moles decrased side.

So in this reaction , the number of moles decreased in the backword reaction .ie towords to the reactants side.

for CO2 number moles is 1 (one) , and for CO , number moles are 2 .

so in the backword direction numberof moles decreases i.e 2----1.

Hence the equlibrium shifts towords the reactants side,

b) Carbon is solid ,so there is no effect of solid on gases compounds . Hence no change in equilibrium condition.

c)The reaction is cooled

According to lechatelier principle, at low temperatures exothermic reactions are favoured. and at high temperature endothermic reactiosn are is favoured.

In the forword direction is endothermic. when the reaction is cooled means, the Temp is decrases . So at low temp.

exothermic reaction is favoured. i.e backword reaction is favoured. equilibrium shifts towords to the reactants side.

d) CO2 is added

When CO2 is added , the concentration of reactants are increases. so to decrease the added value, the reaction shifts towords to the forword direction. Hence the equilibrium shifts tothe product side.

e)The volume of the contained is increased

Volume increases, the reaction is shifted towords to the number of moles increased side. SO the inthe forword direction , the number of moles incrases i.e 1-------2 .

Hence the equilibriun shiftrs towords tothe product side.

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