4. Find the following: Robert Main decided to study the acclimation of college f
ID: 3500861 • Letter: 4
Question
4. Find the following:
Robert Main decided to study the acclimation of college freshmen to university life. To do so he interviewed a specific set of freshmen in August, September, October, and November. His study is a. longitudional b. cross-sectional c. reductionism d. reliable Which of the following is not an example of an error in inquiry? a. Inaccurate observation b. Overgeneralization c. Illogical reasoning d. Independent variable Professor Adams has gathered data on the use of dietary supplements among weight lifters. Repeated analysis of his data yield the same results but he questions whether his data really answer his research question. Professor Adams (above) may need to be concerned about the of his study. a. Validity b. Reliability c. Centrality d. DispersionExplanation / Answer
Robert Main’s study is (a) Longitudinal.
Longitudinal study involves conducting various observations on the same subjects over a time-period of months, weeks, or years. Data is taken at the beginning of the study, and then throughout the time period of study, which allows the researcher to observe the changes over the time period. In the above case, Robert Main studied adjustment (acclimation) of college freshman to university life over a period of three months. Hence, the above study is longitudinal.
Cross-sectional study involves collecting data from certain individuals at one specific point of time. Hence, this is the incorrect answer.
Reductionism is describing complex phenomena as a simpler form or in terms of its chief constituents. In the above case, Main attempts to study adjustment of college students over a period of time. Hence, this is incorrect.
Reliable study is one which when repeated again and again yields the same results. Here, Robert Main attempts to understand the adjustment of students over a period of time, hence this is the incorrect answer.
(d) Independent variable is not an example of error in human inquiry.
Error in human inquiry is when individuals fail to see things in front of them or observe things that are not there.
Independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed in an experiment, in order to observe its effect on the dependent variable (which is to be tested). It does not involve faulty observation or observing things which are not there. Hence, (d)independent variable is the correct answer.
Some examples of errors in inquiry are inaccurate observation, over-generalization, illogical reasoning, mystification, ego-involvement and so on. Hence, options (a), (b), and (c) are incorrect.
Professor Adams should be concerned about the (a)validity of his study.
The degree(extent) to which scores measure a certain variable that they are intended to measure is known as validity. In the above case, Professor Adams is concerned whether his data answers the research question, hence (a) validity is the correct answer.
Reliability is the consistency of scores over a time period. of data is calculated through method of mean, mode, and so on. Dispersion of data is the degree to which the data (distribution) is squeezed or stretched. Hence, (b), (c), and(d) are incorrect answers.
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