QUESTION 1 Match the following properties with the correct polymerase require a

ID: 55403 • Letter: Q

Question

QUESTION 1

Match the following properties with the correct polymerase

require a primer

lack 3' 5' proofreading exonuclease activity

use nucleoside triphosphates as substrates

produce an antiparallel complement strand to the template

synthesize nucleic acids in the direction 3' 5'

evolutionary well-conserved

RNA polymerase

Both enzymes

DNA polymerase

Neither enzyme

QUESTION 3

The Sigma factor by itself has a very low affinity to promoter sites. Predict the effect of a mutation enabling to bind to the -10 region in absence of the other RNA polymerase subunits.

The increase in ’s affinity to promoter DNA will increase the efficiency of specific transcription at promoter sites.

The increase in ’s affinity to promoter DNA will inhibit promoter clearance by RNA polymerase and decrease transcription rate.

The binding of to the -10 region of bacterial promoter stabilizes the single-stranded configuration of DNA and will lead to chromosome unraveling.

The mutant will competitively inhibit the binding of RNA polymerase holoenzyme, preventing, at least partially, the specific initiation of RNA polymerization at promoter sites.

QUESTION 5

Compare the mechanism of transcription and DNA replication.

In which process, one daughter strand (the leading strand) is elongated continuously while the other daughter strand (the lagging strand) is formed as a series of discontinuous Okazaki fragments?

Which process is driven forward by hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PPi), which is then further hydrolyzed to inorganic phosphate (Pi), from each incoming nucleoside triphosphate?

Which process is driven forward by hydrolysis of ATP during the polymerization of each incoming nucleotide?

In which process divalent metal ions (typically magnesium or manganese) play an important role?

Both

DNA replication

Neither

Transcription

3.5 points

QUESTION 6

Compare the need for a primer in DNA replication vs. transcription.

Which process (processes) requires (require) an RNA primer in vivoand either an RNA or DNA primer in vitro?

Which process doesn't require a primer neither in vivo nor in vitro ?

Which process requires an RNA primer in vivo but no primer in vitro?

Which process requires an RNA primer in vivo but a DNA primer invitro?

Both

Transcription

Neither

DNA replication

3.5 points

QUESTION 7

Compare the start sites for DNA replication vs. transcription.

Start Site: Which process (processes) starts (start) in a promoter region?

Start Site: Which process (processes) starts (start) in an origin of replication?

Start Site: Which process (processes) has (have) one start site per genome in bacteria but many start sites in eukaryotes?

Start Site: Which process (processes) has (have) many start sites per genome in prokaryotes and eukaryotes alike?

Neither

Both

DNA replication

Transcription

3.5 points

QUESTION 8

The yellow-highlighted sequences encompass the binding site for the TATA binding protein.

The yellow-highlighted sequences encompass a bacterial promoter.

The yellow-highlighted sequences encompass a rho-independent termination sequence.

The yellow-highlighted sequences encompass a eukaryotic promoter.

- A. B. C. D.

require a primer