Ammonium nitrate is produced industrially by a metathesis reaction between ammon

Question

Ammonium nitrate is produced industrially by a metathesis reaction between ammonium sulfate and sodium nitrate near 100 degree C. The solution is cooled to 0 degree C, precipitating most of the sodium sulfate "impurity" and leaving the ammonium nitrate in solution. The following are solubility data for sodium sulfate and ammonium nitrate: The process was run in a lab, resulting in 40.0g of Na_2SO_4 and 45g of NH_4NO_3 dissolved in each 100mL of hot water. The mixture was cooled to 0 degree C to precipitate some of the salts as solids, and then water was evaporated from the liquid phase to recover remaining salts, a. What is the percent composition of the precipitate by mass after cooling? ("Percent of the total weight of the precipitate that is made of each salt") b. What is the purity (percent by mass) of NH_4NO_3 in the mixture of salts that is collected by evaporating the solution phase?

Explanation / Answer

For the given NH4NO3 production

a. Total weight of precipitate = 40 g Na2SO4 + 45 g NH4NO3 at 100 oC

when cooled at 0 oC percentage composition would be,

NH4SO4 precipitated % = (40 - 4.76) x 100/85 = 41.46%

NH4NO3 precipitated % = 100 - 41.46 = 58.54%

b. Purity of NH4NO3 precipitated = 58.54%

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