A solution is a homogenous mixture of solute and solvent. There are different ty

Question

A solution is a homogenous mixture of solute and solvent. There are different types of solutions. A carbonated drink is an example of a solution where the solute is a gas and the solvent is a liquid. Sugar crystals dissolved in water is an example of a solution where the solute is a solid and the solvent is liquid. Acetic acid is miscible in water, forming a solution commonly known as vinegar. In this case, both the solute and the solvent are liquids. The solubility of solute in a solvent depends on various parameters, such as temperature, pressure, the nature of the solute, and the nature of the solvent. Considering these parameters, identify the statements that are correct for the solubility of a solute in a solvent. Check all that apply. Carbon dioxide gas will be less soluble in water when the partial pressure is low. Table salt dissolves in water to form a solution. Gases are readily soluble in water at higher temperatures. Zinc sulfate is soluble in water. Methanol and octane are miscible. The rate at which a solute dissolves in a solvent depends on the kinetic energy of the solution, the time of contact, and the surface area of contact between the solute and the solvent particles. Both endothermic and exothermic dissolution processes will respond similarly to each factor, however the change may be more pronounced depending on the thermodynamic parameters of the reaction. As the kinetic energy, time of contact, and surface area of contact between the solute and the solvent particles increase, the rate at which the solute undergoes dissolution in a solvent increases. Similarly, as the kinetic energy, time of contact, and surface area of contact between the solute and the solvent particles decrease, the rate at which the solute undergoes dissolution in a solvent decreases. The dissolution process can be altered by varying these parameters, such as by increasing or decreasing the temperature or by reducing the particle size of the solute. Consider the preparation of a NaCl salt solution using coarse crystals of NaCl in an unstirred container at room temperature. Classify the following conditions based on the change in the rate of dissolution of NaCl in water compared to the initial preparation if the dissolution process is endothermic.

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

Part A: The correct statements are

=> CO2 gas will be less soluble in water when the partial pressure is low.

=> Table salt dissolves in water and forms solution

=> Zinc sulphate is soluble in water

Part B:

Faster dissolution process:

=> Finely powdered NaCl powder is added to water.

=> NaCl powder added to water and stirred

=> NaCl powder added to water and heated

Faster dissolution process:

=> NaCl powder added to water and cooled

=> A large piece of NaCl added to water.

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