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An ore containing copper sulphate (CuSO4) is extracted in a counter-current stag

ID: 532414 • Letter: A

Question

An ore containing copper sulphate (CuSO4) is extracted in a counter-current staged leaching cascade
operated at atmospheric pressure and 25 °C. Each hour, a solid charge containing 10 tonne of gangue,
1.2 tonne CuSO4 and 0.5 tonne of water is treated. The target extract solution concentration is 10
wt.% CuSO4. The recovery of CuSO4 is to be 98 % of that originally in the ore. Pure water is used as
the fresh solvent. After each stage, 1 tonne of inert gangue entrains 2 tonnes of solution in the
underflow (raffinate) stream.

a) Calculate the number of stages required to achieve this separation.
b) Determine the theoretical minimum solvent (water) rate that could be used to obtain a 98 %
recovery of CuSO4.

Explanation / Answer

98% recovery

10% CuSO4

90% water

N=?

V1

SLE 1

-<---à

SLE 2

-<---à

SLE n

Lo

ore

10 tons/h gangue

1.2 tons/h CuSO4

0.5 tons/h water

retention = 2 tons solution/1 ton gangue

Feed Lo:

Lo= 10 + 1.2 + 0.5 = 11.7

SOLVENT Vn+1 = solute / solution =0

Final underflow, Ln:

gangue = 10 tons

solution = 2 tons solution

                1 ton gangue

solution = 20 tons solution

Ln= 10 + 20 = 30

solute = 0.1 + 1.2 = 1.3

XAN= solute/ solution = 1.3 /20= 0.065

Final Overflow, V1:

Y1= 0.1

solute = 0.98 x 1.2 = 1.176

V1= 1.176/0.1= 11.76

First underflow, L1:

XA1== solute/ solution=YA1= 0.1

gangue = 10

solution = 20

L1= 10 + 20 = 30

solute = 0.1 x 20 = 2

Overflow from SLE 2, V2:

material balance at SLE 1,

Lo+ V2= L1+ V1

11.7 + V2= 30 + 11.76

V2= 30 + 11.76 ±11.7

V2= 30.06

solute balance at SLE 1,

XAoLo+ YA2V2= XA1L1+ YA1V1

1.2 + YA2x 30.06 = 2 + 1.176

YA2= 0.066


kremser Equation for Constant Underflow:

n-1 = log (YAN+1 – XAN) /YA2 - XA1 ]     / [ log ( YAN+1 ±Y A2 /XAN-XA1)]

n-1 = log[ (0 – 0.065) /0.066 – 0.1   ]   / log ( 0 -0.066 /0.065 -0.1)

N-1=1.022

n = 2.02 = 2---------------------answer

90% water

N=?

V1

SLE 1

-<---à

SLE 2

-<---à

SLE n

Lo

ore

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