Describe an atom. Your description should include the basic details - what an at

Question

Describe an atom. Your description should include the basic details - what an atom is made of, how those components are arranged, how they behave (in chemical reactions, what they can and cannot do), what properties atoms of the same element share and how they are different from atoms of other elements. How many aluminum atoms are there in 65.03 g of Al_2O_3? (The molar mass is 101.96 g/mol, N_a = 6.022 times 10^23 atoms/mol)? What percentage of the mass of ammonium nitrate is from nitrogen atoms? (I'll tell you the formula for 1 point)

Explanation / Answer

8: An atom:

An atom is defined as the smallest component of an element.

An atom consists of protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons & neutrons will be in the nucleus of the atom and the electrons are in the orbitals surrounding the nucleus.

Chemical reactions will take place when two or more atoms chemically bond with each other to form molecules or when bonded atoms are broken down.

Atoms form molecules by donating, accepting or sharing electrons to fill their outer shells to attain a stable electron configuration according to Octet rule.

9: Number of alumium atoms in 65.03 g of Al2O3

Mass of Al2O3 = 65.03 g

Molar mass of Al2O3 = 101.96 g/mol

Avagadro's number, Na = 6.022 x 1023 atoms/mol

1 mole of Al2O3 contains 2 moles of Aluminium.

Number of alumium atoms in 65.03 g of Al2O3 = (Mass of Al2O3 x Number of moles of Aluminium x Avagadro's number) / (Molar mass of Al2O3 x Number of moles of Al2O3) = (65.03 g x 2 mol x 6.022 x 1023 atoms/mol) / (101.96 g/mol x 1 mol) = 7.68 x 1023 atoms

Number of alumium atoms in 65.03 g of Al2O3 = 7.68 x 1023 atoms

10: Percentage of the mass of ammonium nitrate from nitrogen atoms

Formula of ammonium nitrate = NH4NO3

Percentage of the mass of ammonium nitrate from nitrogen atoms = (Molecular mass of nitrogen / Molecular mass of ammonium nitrate) x 100% = (28.0134 / 80.043) x 100% = 35%

Percentage of the mass of ammonium nitrate from nitrogen atoms = 35%

Element Molecular mass in g/mol Nitrogen (N) 2 x 14.0067 = 28.0134 Hydrogen (H) 4 x 1.00794 = 4.03176 Oxygen (O) 3 x 15.9994 = 47.9982 Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) 28.0134 + 4.03176 + 47.9982 = 80.043

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