Effect of Concentration on Cell Potential Focus Questions: 1) How does concentra

Question

Effect of Concentration on Cell Potential Focus Questions: 1) How does concentration affect the cell potential? 2) two identical half-cells constitute a galvanic cell? Experimental Procedure: 1- Construct the following cells and measure their cell potentials: a. Zn(s)|Zn^2+(aq, 0.1M)|| Cu^2+(aq, 0.1M)|Cu(s) b. Zn(s)|Zn^2+(aq, 1M)|| Cu^2+(aq, 0.1M)|Cu(s) c. Zn(s)|Zn^2+(aq, 0.1M)|| Cu^2+(aq, lM)|Cu(s) d. Zn(s]|Zn^2+, (aq, 0.1M)|| Zn^2+(aq, 0.1M)|Zn(s) e. Zn(s)|Zn^2+(aq, 0.1M)|| Zn^2+(aq, lM)|Zn(s) f. Cu(s)|Cu^2+(aq, 0.1M)|| Cu^2+(aq, lM)|Cu(s) 2. Calculate the theoretical cell potentials for these six cells and compare the values with the experimental ones. Effect of Temperature on Cell Potential Focus Questions: 1) How does temperature affect the cell potential of a) the iron and copper(II) reaction and b) the zinc and copper(II) reaction? 2) What are your experimental values for Delta H degree, Delta S degree, and Delta G degree for these reactions? Are they in agreement with the theoretical values? Discuss any sources of experimental error.

Explanation / Answer

Q1.

concentration affects as any equilibrium

Reactants <--> products

Q = [Products]^p / [reactnats]^r

note that if Q > 1, this is already favouring products, meaning that there are plenty of products

if Q < 1, then there are plenty of reactants, therefore this will favour high E

The equation is given by

E = E° - 0.0592/n*log(Q)

if Q is too low, then E is large enough

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