1. Which of the taxonomic ranks listed contains all of the other levels? a. Clas
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Question
1. Which of the taxonomic ranks listed contains all of the other levels?
a. Class b. Genus c. Order d. Family
2. Which of the following examples would be attributed to Lamarck’s hypothesis of inheritance of acquired characteristics?
a. A genetic variation in the louse population allows some lice to be resistant to permethrin.
b. A louse exposed to low levels of permethrin will eventually become resistant.
c. The parents of a louse exposed to permethrin will result in offspring becoming resistant.
d. A louse exposed to other anti-lice treatments will become resistant to all anti-lice treatments.
3. Which term describes Darwin’s theory that all organisms are related to an single ancient ancestor?
a. Natural Selection
b. Homology
c. Inheritance of Acquired Traits
d. Descent with Modification
4. A which level of biological organization does natural selection occur?
a. population
b. Genus
c. individual organism
d. community
e. species
3 5. After the drought of 1977, researchers on the island of Daphne Major hypothesized that medium ground finches that had large, deep beaks, survived better than those with smaller beaks because they could more easily crack and eat the tough Tribulus cistoides fruits. If this hypothesis is correct, what would you expect to observe if a population of these medium ground finches colonizes a nearby island where Tribulus cistoides is the most abundant food for the next 1000 years? Assume that
(1) even the survivors of the 1977 drought sometimes had difficulty cracking the tough T. cistoides fruits and would eat other seeds when offered a choice; and
(2) food availability is the primary limit on finch fitness on this new island.
a. evolution of yet larger, deeper beaks over time
b. evolution of smaller, pointier beaks over time
c. random fluctuations in beak size and shape
d. no change in beak size and shape General
Section 2 -
1. The 3 Domains of life are the Archaea, the __________, and the Eukarya.
2. Convergent evolution has produced gliding membranes in Flying Squirrels and Sugar Gliders. This structure is not shared by the most recent common ancestors, so that gliding membranes are an example of ____________________ structures that evolved independently.
3. The essay on human population growth written by ________________________ influenced Darwin’s thoughts on natural selection.
4. Changes in allele frequency of populations over a short time period is referred to as _________________________.
5. The loss of variety of genes in a small isolated population over time is termed __________________________________
22.1.b. Provide a list of the taxonomic ranks used to classify organisms invented by Linnaeus.
On which basis did Linnaeus group species into higher level taxa?
Which of the 3 key observations of life is the basis of the Linnaean system?
On which basis did Darwin propose that organisms should be grouped into higher level taxa?
22.2.b. Provide definitions for the following terms;
(a) adaptation,
(b) natural selection.
How did the visit to the Galapagos Islands shape Darwin’s views of evolution?
Which other naturalist independently arrived at a similar hypothesis of natural selection?
6 23.0.b. What is microevolution?
Identify the 3 main mechanisms that cause evolution in populations.
Which mechanism results in adaptations to the environment?
23.2.c. In a population of manatees in Florida there are two possible alleles for hide color. The allele for gray hide color, G is dominant over the allele for white hide color, g. In this population, assume there are 800 G alleles and 200 g alleles. Use the HardyWeinberg equation to predict the expected number of individuals with white hides in the next generation.
Explanation / Answer
Answers
1. a – Class contains order, family and genus.
2. C.- The parents of a louse exposed to permethrin will result in offspring becoming resistant.
3. d- Descent with modification. - Organisms are descended from one or several common ancestors and have diversified into different forms from this original stock.
4. a- Population- natural selection occurs at the level of population.
5. b.-Evolution of smaller, pointier beaks over time
Section-2
1. The three domains of life are Archaea, the bacteria (Prokarya) and the Eukarya.
2. Analogous structures – Reason-they are adapted for flight, but both Flying Squirrels and Sugar Gliders are not related to each other.
3. Thomas Robert Malthus.
4. Microevolution
5. Genetic drift.
22.1.b .
1) Homology is the basis of Linnaeus group species into higher level taxa
2) Morphology, evolutionary history and hierarchy are the three observations.
3) Phylogeny or line of descent is the basis of Darwin organism into higher level taxa.
22.2.b
1) Adaptation is the alteration or adjustment in structure or habits, often occurring through natural selection, by which a species or individual becomes better able to function in its environment. (or ) a process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment .
2) Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals that differ in phenotypic appearance. (or) The process in nature by which, according to Darwin's theory of evolution, organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive longer and transmit more of their genetic characteristics to succeeding generations than do those that are less well adapted.
3) Alfred Russel Wallace
6 23. 0.b
1) Microevolution is the change in allele frequencies that occur over time within a population. This change is due to four different processes: mutation, selection (natural and artificial), gene flow, and genetic drift.
2) The main mechanisms involved in the evolution of population include natural selection, inbreeding, hybridization, or mutation.
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