Starting with the structures below, complete the condensed structures of two soa

Question

Starting with the structures below, complete the condensed structures of two soap molecules: a) A saturated soap molecule with a total of 12 carbons. b) An unsaturated soap molecule with a total of 14 carbons. Which of the two soap molecules is more likely to be produced from an oil than from a fat? Explain. Classify the reactants of the saponification reaction as either polar or nonpolar. a) mixture of triglycerides (fat or oil) _____ b) an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide _____ How does the polarity of ethanol (CH_3-CH_2-OH) compare to those of the reactants above?

Explanation / Answer

1)a) the soap with 12 C is

CH3(CH2)8CH2CH2COO-

b) CH3(CH2)8CH=CHCH2CH2COO-

2) The soap b can be prepared from oil than from fat as the oils have more unsaturted molecules than fats.

3) a) trigelycerides are non -polar , as they have long chain hydrocarbon chains

b) an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide ,is polar as it is mostly ionisied into Na+ and Oh- ions.

4) Ethanol is less polar than water and aqueous sodium hydroxide as it has less charge separation than NaOH solution, but more polar than trigylcerides as the alkyl part in ethanol is quite small compared to trigylcerides.

Thus aq. NaOH more polar than ethanol , ethanol more polar than miture of trigylcerides.

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