chapter review 1. Discuss some (at least two) of the consumer protection laws th
ID: 470975 • Letter: C
Question
chapter review
1. Discuss some (at least two) of the consumer protection laws that exist in the United States. What areas do the Department for Consumer Protection cover and discuss the pros and cons for the establishment of this agency.
2. How does the American with Disability Act (ADA) define a disability? Who is a qualified individual with a disability? What does the ADA prohibit an employer from asking? When can an employer require a medical application? Once a job offer has been made what might an employer be required to do for someone who falls within the protection of the Act? Give an example of a case that has occurred during the last five years dealing with the ADA. Do you agree or disagree with the court
Explanation / Answer
The two major policy tools for protecting the environment are rules and inducements. The United States has chosen to use rules, primarily through regulation. Such regulation can come in the form of design standards and performance standards. Performance standards specify emission levels and let those covered by the rules decide how those levels will be met. Design standards specify exactly how performance standards will be met.
Alternatively, the government can use inducements, or "market reform". Inducements are rewards and punishments used to influence people or groups. The two major types of market reforms are charge systems, such as emissions taxes, and "tradable permit systems". One type of tradable permit system is an "auction of pollution rights" in which the amount of allowed pollution is set and divided into units, which are then auctioned, giving environmental organizations the opportunity to buy the units to create a cleaner environment than originally planned. Such a plan was implemented for SO2 emissions in the 1990 Acid Rain Program and has been undertaken for greenhouse gases on a regional scale as a way to mitigate global warming.
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment, transportation, public accommodation, communications, and governmental activities. The ADA also establishes requirements for telecommunications relay services.
The Department of Labor's Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) provides publications and other technical assistance on the basic requirements of the ADA. It does not enforce any part of the law.
In addition to the Department of Labor, four federal agencies enforce the ADA:
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces regulations covering employment.
The Department of Transportation enforces regulations governing transit.
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) enforces regulations covering telecommunication services.
The Department of Justice enforces regulations governing public accommodations and state and local government services.
It also includes miscellaneous instructions to Federal agencies that enforce the law (title V). Regulations issued under the different titles by various Federal agencies set requirements and establish enforcement procedures. To understand and comply with the ADA, it is important to follow the appropriate regulations.
Under titles II and III of the ADA, the Board develops and maintains accessibility guidelines for buildings, facilities, and transit vehicles and provides technical assistance and training on these guidelines. The ADA Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) serve as the basis of standards issued by the departments of Justice (DOJ) and Transportation (DOT) to enforce the law. The building guidelines cover places of public accommodation, commercial facilities, and State and local government facilities. The vehicle guidelines address buses, vans, a variety of rail vehicles, trams, and other modes of public transportation. Regulations issued by DOJ and DOT contain standards based on ADAAG and also provide important information on which buildings and facilities are subject to the standards. It is important that the regulations be used along with the design standards they contain or reference.
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