1,14 Exercises E1.1 What is a processor? El.2 What is a microprocessor? What is

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1,14 Exercises E1.1 What is a processor? El.2 What is a microprocessor? What is a microcomputer? E1.3 What makes a microcontroller different from a microprocessor? EL.4 How many bits can the HCS12 CPU manipulate in one operation? E1.5 How many different memory locations cen the HCS12 access without the expande memory? E1.6 E1.7 Wh Why must every computer have some amount of nonvolatile memory? y must every computer have some amount of volatile memory? E1.8 What is source code? What is object code? E1.9 Convert 5K, 8K, and 13K to decimal representationn E1.10 Write an instruction sequence to swap the contents of memory locations at $1000 an $1001 E1.11 Write an instruction sequence to add 10 to memory locations at $1000 and $100 respectively Additional Questions A1.1) Identify five or more devices with embedded processors that directly effect or in the future will effect how you go about your every day life A1.2) Comment on how the identified devices affect those around you and society at large

Explanation / Answer

E1.1 A)

1. A processor is an integrated electronic circuit that resides in computer and other electronic devices.

2. It tells your computer what to do and when to do the task.

3. It decides which tasks are important and how to execute them in order.

4.It also controls the working of all the software and hardware.

5.The speed of computing the task depends upon the processor we use in our electronic device.

E1.2 A)

1.Micro-processor is a single chip circuit which is integrated with all the features that are available in CPU with other circuits.

2. It is developed for multi-purpose.

3. Micro-processors are similiar to processors but it includes additional features like Graphic Processor Unit(GPU), sound cards and internet cards.

4. As micro-processors include additional features than processor, its speed is slower than processor.

5. A micro-computer is a computer with a micro-processor which works as its CPU.

6. It includes a micro-processor,memory and input/output facilities.

7. Examples are IBM PC and Apple Macintosh computer.

E1.8 A)

1. Source code is a program written in programming language.

2. The compiled source code is called as object code.

3. Source code is nothing but instructions written in particular language like C, Java, FORTAN etc.

4. The patially formed machine code is called as Object code.

5. Object code is in the form of binary numbers which is also called as machine readable code.

E1.6 A)

1. Non-volatile memory is a memory that does not lose content when power is lost.

2. It is also called as permanent memory.

3. ROM, Hard disk, etc are examples for Non-volatile memory.

4. This memory is needed to store memory for long term persistent storage.

5. Cost is more and performance is less for this memory.

6. This memory is easy to share with others.

E1.7 A)

1. The memory that loses it content when system or hardware device lost power is known as volatile memory.

2. Volatile memory stores the data while system is powered on.

3. RAM is used for volatile memory.

4. For faster access of data from the memory we need some amount of volatile memory i.e RAM.

5. To store some data volatile memory requires some power.

6. It also protects sensitive information.

A1.1 A)

1. washing machine

2. Refrigerator

3. Smart-watch

4. Micro-wave oven

5. automobiles

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