Urgent ! Questions: l. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Amplitude and

Question

Urgent ! Questions: l. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Amplitude and Frequency Modulation. What type of modulation is suitable to use for Earth to Space communications? 2. Explain Multiplexing in details and mention the advantages and disadvantages of different multiplexing methods. 3. Design a two wavelength monopole antenna for a dual band Wi- Fi system (2.49 GHz and 5.00 GHz). Show your work and calculations step-by-step including your calculate length of the antenna(s). 4. Explain in details the Line of Sight and the differences between different type of Line of Sights. 5. Explain Point-to-point and Point-to-multipoint communications and the purpose of them.

Explanation / Answer

Frequency modulation

Advantages

Resilient to noise: one in all the most blessings of modulation that has been used by the broadcasting business is that the reduction in noise. As most noise is amplitude based mostly, this may be removed by running the signal through a circuit so solely frequency variations seem. this is often providing the amplitude is sufficiently high to permit the signal to be restricted.

Resilient to signal strength variations: within the same method that amplitude noise is removed, thus can also any signal variations. this implies that one in all the benefits of modulation is that it doesn't suffer audio amplitude variations because the amplitude varies, and it makes FM ideal to be used in mobile applications wherever signal levels perpetually vary. this is often providing the amplitude is sufficiently high to permit the signal to be restricted.

Does not need linear amplifiers within the transmitter: As solely frequency changes area unit needed to be carried, any amplifiers within the transmitter don't got to be linear.

Enables larger potency than several different modes: the utilization of non-linear amplifiers, e.g. class C, etc means transmitter potency levels are higher - linear amplifiers area unit inherently inefficient.

Disadvantages:

Requires additional sophisticated rectifier: one in all the minor dis-advantages of modulation is that the demodulator could be a very little additional sophisticated, and therefore slightly costlier than the terribly straightforward diode detectors used for AM. conjointly requiring a tuned circuit adds value. but this is often solely a problem for the terribly low value broadcast receiver market.

Some other modes have higher knowledge spectral potency: Some modulation and construction modulation formats have the next spectral efficiency for knowledge transmission that frequency shift keying, a kind of modulation. As a result, most knowledge gear mechanism use PSK and QAM.

Sidebands touch time either side: The sidebands for associate degree FM transmission on paper extend resolute time. To limit the information measure of the transmission, filters area unit used, and these introduce some distortion of the signal.

Advantage of AM

Coverage space of AM Receiver is wider than FM as a result of region propagation. AM is long distance propagation as a result of . AM Circuit is cheaper and non complicated than FM. AM have information measure restricted and FM unlimited

Disadvantage of AM: the sole a technique to inside to noise happen is increasing power transmite.Signal of AM isn't stronger than FM once it propagate to obstacle. only 1 sideband of AM transmits data Signal, thus it loss power on different sideband and Carrier. Noise mixes AM Signal in amplitude once it propagates in free house that it build problem to recover Original Signal at receiver

5) . the amount of devices that you simply will plug into the box on the wall

Point-to-multipoint permits you to attach up to eight separate devices to the box on the wall.

Point-to-point permits you to attach only 1 device. this is often sometimes a PBX.

The type of signaling vary that you simply will use

Point-to-multipoint permits up to eight MSN phonephone numbers.

Point-to-point uses DDI numbers, that are available in blocks of ten. there's no most to the amount of DDIs you'll have

4) Line of sight (LoS) could be a sort of propagation which will transmit associate degreed receive knowledge solely wherever transmit and receive stations area unit in sight of every different with none style of an obstacle between them. FM radio, microwave and satellite transmission area unit samples of line-of-sight communication.

Frequencies on top of thirty megacycle fall during this class of propagation. Here signal on top of 30MHz don't seem to be mirrored by part and here it's transmitted supported line-of-sight idea. For satellite application,it is transmitted from earth station antenna to the satellite antenna. for ground based mostly wireless link, communication happens once each the transmit(Tx) and receive(Rx) antennas area unit within the line of sight of every different. Typical applications embrace VHF/UHF tv,FM broadcast,optical communication,Infrared LANs,terrestrial wireless link, radar,cellular telecommunication,PCS,WLL and additional.

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